DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-4.184.2022.17-21

The article emphasizes that freezing of Russian gold and foreign exchange reserves was previously accurately predicted by Russian experts. Attention is drawn to the fact that weakening of the ruble was one of the goals of the sanctions impact on the Russian economy that Western countries were bearing in mind. It is obvious that the exact opposite — preventing its depreciation and turning the ruble into a stable strong currency — is an anti-sanction measure. With high dependence of the Russian economy on imports, as well as in the situation when it is necessary to find alternative ways for imports (primarily for investment), which will lead to their higher prices with corresponding consequences, an excessive exchange rate depreciation may adversely affect economic development, especially in a long term. In addition, extremely important is ensuring stability of the exchange rate. It is concluded that stable and non-depreciating ruble will form the basis for consistent development of business and expand the possibilities for using the ruble in foreign trade settlements as well. It is particularly relevant in the context of restrictions on the use of leading currencies in foreign trade.

Источники:

1. Ershov M.V. Sanktsii protiv RF: mekhanizmy neitralizatsii [Sanctions Against the Russian Federation: Neutralization Mechanisms]. Ekonomicheskie strategii, 2017, no 7, pp. 46–51.

2. Baiden ogovorilsya, zayaviv, chto dollar stoit 200 rublei [Biden Made a Slip of the Tongue Saying That the Dollar is Worth 200 Rubles]. RIA Novosti, 2022, March, 26, available at: https://ria.ru/20220326/bayden-1780271172.html.

3. Sanktsii SShA protiv TsB i Minfina perekroyut dostup k rezervam dlya podderzhki rublya [US Sanctions Against the Central Bank and the Ministry of Finance will Block Access to Reserves for Supporting the Ruble]. Interfaks, 2022, February, 28, available at: https://www.interfax.ru/business/825191.

4. Bank Rossii. O chem govoryat trendy [Bank of Russia. What are the Trends Saying?]. BCS Express, 2022, April, 22, available at: https://bcs-express.ru/novosti-i-analitika/bank-rossii-o-chem-govoriat-trendy.

5. SMI: EK zayavila, chto ukaz ob oplate gaza v rublyakh narushaet sanktsii ES [Media: EC Said That the Decree on Gas Payments in Rubles Violates EU Sanctions]. RIA Novosti, 2022, April, 14, available at: https://ria.ru/20220414/gaz-1783434893.html.

6. Russia’s ruble is the strongest currency in the world this year. CBS NEWS, 2022, May, 27, available at: https://www.cbsnews.com/news/russia-rublecurrency-2022/

7. Ershov M.V. Valyutnaya politika kak faktor natsional’noi bezopasnosti [Monetary Policy as National Security Factor]. Ekonomicheskie strategii, 2015, no 4, pp. 20–29.

8. Washington Times. 2015, April, 30.

9. Ershov M.V. Ekonomicheskii suverenitet Rossii v global’noi ekonomike [Russia’s Economic Sovereignty in the Global Economy]. Moscow, Ekonomika, 2005, 280 p.

10. BIS. Quarterly Review. International banking and financial market developments. June 2022.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-4.184.2022.6-16

The risks of increasing international tension have sharply exacerbated the possibility of a nuclear conflict. The main geopolitical players in the international arena have actually recognized the possibility and even expediency of using nuclear weapons. In this context, the need to simulate the consequences of a nuclear strike in order to prepare for emergencies of a critical nature has become extremely urgent. The present article analyzes foreign experience of using digital simulators to this end. The authors outline Russian views on applying agent-based simulation methods for this purpose in the analysis of non-military (civilian) aspects of a nuclear blow effects.

Источники:

1. Grabchak E.P., Loginov E.L. Podgotovka sistemy gosudarstvennogo upravleniya Rossii k sverkhkriticheskim situatsiyam prirodnogo i tekhnogennogo kharaktera [Preparing the Public Administration System of Russia for Supercritical Situations of Natural and Man-made Nature]. Problemy upravleniya bezopasnost’yu slozhnykh sistem: Materialy XXIX Mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii. Moskva, 15 dekabrya 2021 g. [Problems of Safety Management of Complex Systems: Proceedings of the XXIX International Scientific-practical Conference. Moscow, December 15, 2021]. Moscow, Institut problem upravleniya im. V.A. Trapeznikova RAN, pp. 99–103.

2. Ageev A.I., Bochkarev O.I., Grabchak E.P., Loginov E.L. Setetsentricheskaya sistema povyshennoi zhivuchesti upravleniya energetikoi Rossii v slozhnoprognoziruemykh kriticheskikh usloviyakh [Net-Centric System of Elevated Survivability of Energy Management in Russia Under Difficult-to-predict Critical Conditions]. Ekonomicheskie strategii, 2021, vol. 23, no 3 (177), pp. 6–17, available at: DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-3.177.2021.6-17.

3. Moiseev N.N., Aleksandrov V.V., Tarko A.M. Chelovek i biosfera: Opyt sistemnogo analiza i eksperimenty s modelyami [Man and the Biosphere: The Experience of System Analysis and Experiments with Models]. Moscow, Nauka, 1985, 271 p.

4. Yadernaya zima i ee komp’yuternoe modelirovanie v 80-kh [Nuclear Winter and Its Computer Simulation in the 80s]. Khabr, 2022, May, 28, available at: https://habr.com/ru/company/ruvds/blog/668256/

5. Turco R.P., Toon O.B., Ackerman T.P., Pollack J.B., Sagan C. Nuclear winter: Global consequences of multiple nuclear explosions, 1984.

6. Kokoshin A.A., Arbatov A.G., Vasil’ev A.A. Yadernoe oruzhie i strategicheskaya stabil’nost’ (stat’ya pervaya) [Nuclear Weapons and Strategic Stability (Article One)]. SShA: Ekonomika, politika, ideologiya, 1987, no 9, p. 3.

7. John M. Gates. The U.S. Army and Irregular Warfare. The College of Wooster Wooster, Ohio, available at: https://discover.wooster.edu/jgates/files/2011/11/fullbook.pdf.

8. Starr S. Deadly Climate Change From Nuclear War: A threat to human existence, available at: https://www.armscontrol.ru/pubs/en/deadly-climate-changefromnuclear-war.pdf.

9. Velikhov E., Kokoshin A. Yadernoe oruzhie i dilemmy mezhdunarodnoi bezopasnosti [Nuclear Weapons and International Security Dilemmas]. Mirovaya ekonomika i mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya, 1985, no 4, p. 20.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-4.184.2022.5

DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.104.2022.94-101

The purpose of the article is determined by the need to identify the types of activities in which investment will provide an intensive path of development of St. Petersburg. The article analyzes the competitive advantages of the investment attractiveness of St. Petersburg. The analysis is based on the provisions of the Strategy of socio-economic development of St. Petersburg for the period up to 2035 and assessments of national ratings of regions. The author’s definition of the investment attractiveness of the region is given, which determine the competitive advantages of the region as an opportunity to invest in activities that provide an intensive path of development of the region.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.104.2022.87-93

The scientific article substantiates the conceptual model of the net present synergy effect from the merger of companies on the example of regional tour operators of the Republic of Tatarstan. It is also proposed to carry out the process of combining travel companies according to the «monoformat» type into the «multiformat» variation, where the main types of tourist services are weekend tours, excursion family tours and youth tours.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.104.2022.75-86

Franchising has become popular only in recent decades. This form of entrepreneurship is increasingly used in various sectors of the economy, especially in retail and catering. According to official data, more than 70% of this type of entrepreneurial activity falls on regional franchising. The article analyzes the features of the development of regional franchising, evaluates the initiatives of individual regions to introduce franchising. A unified concept of the creation and functioning of a regional franchising center is proposed, the goals and objectives of its creation are determined, which are mainly aimed at systematizing and synchronizing work on business development in the region.

References:

1.        Abdurakhmonova T.D. Prospects for the development of a franchise agreement in the CIS countries. Journal «Legal Bulletin». 2020;4 (4): 44-48.

2.       Mikhailova L. Prospects for the development of new forms of franchising. WORLD: Modernization. Innovation. Development. 2017;4:585-591.

3.       Ryzhykh A. I., Bocharova V. G. Systematic use of marketing tools in franchising in the context of digitalization. Journal «Economics of Sustainable Development». 2021;4(48):161-164.

4.       Solovova L. Free franchising as an alternative to classical franchising. WORLD: Modernization. Innovation. Development. 2016;7((4 (28)):71-75.

5.       Shakhova M., Mikhailova L. Modern trends in franchising. Scientific Review. 2017;20:119-124.

6.       Yuritsin A.A. Franchising and commercial concession agreement. Results and prospects of legal regulation. Yustitsinform Publishing House, 2018. 264 p.

7.       Alon I., Lattemann C. Tchibo Goes Global: Implementing a Hybrid Franchising Strategy at Germany’s Leading Coffee Retailer. Global Business and Organizational Excellence. 2016;2:18-30.

8.       Fredriks J.W. S. et al. Modeling a technology push by using hybrid franchising // International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business. 2014;1:64-88.

9.       Terry A., Di Lernia C. Quasi-Franchising: A New Model for Strategic Business Cooperation’ in Network Governance: Alliances, Cooperatives and Franchise Chains, ed. Ehrmann T., Windsperger J., Cliquet G., Hendrikse G. Physica-Verlag, Berlin, Germany. 2013. pp. 26-86.

10.    Catering franchises. URL: https://businessmens.ru/franchise/food, https://businessmens.ru/franchise/rating

11.    Green House coffee shop franchise. URL: https://grnhs.biz

12.    Maxim Confectionery Franchise, March 17, 2017. URL: https://maxim-rest.ru/novosti/konditerii-maksim/franshiza-konditerii-maksim

13.    Franchising portal. URL: https://franchiza.ru

14.    Business catalog. URL: https://businessmens.ru/franchise/jumanji-1906

15.    Department of Consumer Market and Tourism of the Tyumen Region, 2013. The Tyumen Region plans to develop regional franchising, April 17, 2013. URL: https://admtyumen.ru/ogv_ru/finance/consumer_market/news/more.htm?id=11021727@egNews

DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.104.2022.63-74

The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the positions of the regions of the Arctic Zone according to the state of the social (demographic) environment. Such an analysis is carried out in order to identify the previously achieved quantitative characteristics of social (demographic) processes and ranking the positions of regions in the base year of the start of the implementation of the national project “Demography” and the corresponding five federal projects on the territory of the Russian Federation. The study of the approved criteria for the implementation of the national project “Demography” as a list of indicators of annual state statistical reporting to be monitored revealed the problem, the essence of which is that: the approved list of indicators is insufficient; quantitative results of the implementation of federal projects planned for 2022 and projected for 2024 exist only for some indicators from the approved list; in federal projects, indicators that are not contained in the annual state statistical reports are proposed as criteria, which does not allow an analysis of the state of the social (demographic) environment; the criteria contained in federal projects, which are indicators of annual state statistical reporting, have not been officially approved.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.104.2022.57-62

Attentionofacademics, governmentsandcorporationsisbeingdrawntothenecessityfordecreasingtheharmfulimpactofbusinesson theenvironment, solvingsocialissues, enhancingcorporategovernance.The concept andarea of corporate social responsibility have expanded due to the impact of coronavirus infection (COVID-19). This article considers the issues of social responsibility of businesses and value creation from the long-term perspective.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.104.2022.46-56

This article discusses modern problems of managing current assets and corporate communications of Russian low-cost airlines under economic sanctions. It has been established that Azur Air LLC combines an aggressive current asset management policy and an aggressive type of current liability management policy. Thus, a comprehensive policy for the operational management of assets and multifunctional corporate communications can also be characterized as aggressive. During the pandemic, Azur Air LLC demonstrated the high flexibility of its business model, which was achieved through a diverse air fleet, consisting of wide- and narrow-body Boeing aircraft of various modifications. This made it possible in the spring of 2022 to freely carry out a number of export transatlantic flights for Russian citizens who were abroad, for the first time to start operating flights on domestic routes, and to intensify cargo transportation.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.104.2022.38-45

In a scientific article, based on the relativistic theory, a terminological interpretation of the concepts of «tourism», «tourist service» and their specific classification is presented. Varieties of domestic tourism have been supplemented with a shift in focus to regional development in six areas (business tourism; ecological tourism; cultural and educational tourism; autotourism-youth-family tourism; rural tourism and sanatorium tourism). Compiled rating of competitiveness of tourist services on the example of the Republic of Tatarstan.