DOI: 10.33917/es-4.196.2024.18-25

The article dwells on technology developed and tested in the United States for constructing political future with the help of targeted force actions within the framework of the fuzzy logic of political multi-steps. The failed quasi-assassination attempt on the US presidential candidate Donald Trump on July 13, 2024 is a political combination preempting the civil war. Its goal is to reduce destructiveness of the political clash following the expected and even more dubious than in 2020, Joe Biden’s victory in the 2024 election, which implied incorrect ways of removing Trump from the presidential race. As a result, a bifurcation point in the US political development has been passed: now there is someone to implement a package of unpopular strategic measures to reorganize the US. Essentially, the murky episode of the assassination attempt turned out to be a way out of the political deadlock.

References:

1. Brat’ya Strugatskie. Obitaemyy ostrov [Inhabited Island]. Moscow, Detskaya literatura, 1971. 320 p., ill. (Biblioteka priklyucheniy i nauchnoy fantastiki.)

2. Ageev A.I. Rol’ sanktsiy, konfliktov i spetsoperatsiy: razmyshleniya o budushchem. Chast’ 2 [The Role of Sanctions, Conflicts and Special Operations: Reflections on the Future. Part 2]. Nauchnyy vestnik oboronno-promyshlennogo kompleksa Rossii, 2024, no 1, pp. 33–42.

3. Ageev A.I., Loginov E.L. Krakh dollara: proektirovanie deystviy Rossii v usloviyakh global’nogo ekonomicheskogo kollapsa [The Dollar Collapse: Projecting Russia’s Actions in the Face of Global Economic Collapse]. Ekonomicheskie strategii, 2022, vol. 24, no 4(184), pp. 56–69, DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es- 4.184.2022.56-69

4. Ageev A.I., Loginov E.L. Mirovoe soobshchestvo v usloviyakh sverkhkriticheskoy bifurkatsii: Upravlenie slozhnymi organizatsionnymi i tekhnicheskimi sistemami v usloviyakh sverkhkriticheskikh situatsiy: Materialy mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii, Moskva, 21–22 aprelya 2022 g. [World Community in Conditions of Supercritical Bifurcation: Management of Complex Organizational and Technical Systems in Conditions of Supercritical Situations: Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference, Moscow, April 21–22, 2022.]. Moscow, Institut ekonomicheskikh strategiy, 2022, pp. 9–12.

5. Loginov E.L., Zarbaliev S.M., Grigor’ev V.V. Otsenka veroyatnostnykh kharakteristik sluchaynykh protsessov v mirovoy ekonomike v usloviyakh nelineynoy dinamiki s sushchestvennoy khaoticheskoy komponentoy [Assessment of Probabilistic Characteristics of Random Processes in the Global Economy under Conditions of Nonlinear Dynamics with a Significant Chaotic Component]. Iskusstvennye obshchestva, 2020, vol. 15, no 1, p. 5.

6. Loginov E.L. Tsifrovye tekhnologii politicheskoy bor’by: neyrosetevye imperativy informatsionnogo protivodeystviya popytkam perekhvata upravleniya v sotsial’no-politicheskoy srede [Digital Technologies of Political Struggle: Neural Network Imperatives of Information Counteraction to Attempts of Intercepting Control in the Socio-political Environment]. Moscow, Rusayns, 2024, 234 p.

DOI: 10.33917/es-4.196.2024.18-25

Despite improving economic indicators and revisions towards better forecasts for 2024, systemic threats and risks, which are not always obvious, remain in the global economy. In the article, the author draws attention to a number of new problems and circumstances that are changing financial landscape in the world. In particular, attention is paid to expanding approaches of central banks in new conditions, risks arising from the technological advancement of commercial banks, which requires more careful control to prevent a destabilizing effect on the financial sector as a whole, etc.

References:

1. BIS. Annual Economic Report. Basel, June, 2023, available at: https://www.bis.org/publ/arpdf/ar2023e.htm

2. UN. World Economic Situation and Prospects. May 2024, available at: https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/publication/world-economic-situationand-prospects-as-of-mid-2024/

3. Bank JP Morgan otkroet bolee 500 novykh otdeleniy v blizhayshie tri goda [JP Morgan will Open More than 500 New Branches in the Next Three Years]. Kommersant. 2024. 6 fevralya. URL: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/6494367

4. China’s central bank hints it may add treasury bond trades to policy toolkit. Reuters. April 23, 2024, available at: https://www.reuters.com/world/china/ chinas-central-bank-hints-it-may-add-treasury-bond-trades-policy-toolkit-2024-04-23/

5. UN. World Economic Situation and Prospects. January 2024. UN, available at: https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/publication/world-economicsituation-and-prospects-2024/

6. Roskongress. Zamorozka aktivov. Traditsii i novye printsipy raboty Zapada s aktivami tret’ikh stran [Росконгресс. Roscongress. Freeze of Assets. Traditions and New Principles of Western Work with Assets of Third Countries]. Roskongress, 2023, Dekabr’ available at: https://roscongress.org/materials/ zamorozka-aktivov-samoupravstvo-ili-zakonnyy-shag/

DOI: 10.33917/es-4.196.2024.30-37

The article dwells on the effectiveness of cryptocurrency technologies for international payments. Insufficiency of cryptocurrency resources for solving this problem under sanctions is shown. The author proposes a way to solve the problem by creating an international financial system based on a digital golden gram (abbreviated in English: DiGGram or digram) — a stealth cryptocurrency with an anonymous group stable and a zero-knowledge algorithm. It will be impossible for unfriendly states to track transactions of such currency. Emission of digram will not require mining or electricity consumption. Taxation of foreign trade transactions with digram should be carried out in the same way as taxation of transactions with other currencies. The article proposes an original information technology for the forced unlocking of blocked Eurodollar financial assets and converting them into resources to support the emission of a gold gram for forming financial assets of countries participating in the financial system based on a digital gold gram. The proposed measures will make it possible to unite up to 30 countries subject to sanctions into a new international financial system and create financial resources in the amount of up to 0 billion, of which up to 0 billion can be used to service international payments of the Russian Federation.

References:

1. V TsB prizvali “probovat’ vse” dlya resheniya problemy perevodov za rubezh [The Central Bank urged to “Try Everything” to Solve the Problem of Transfers Abroad]. RBK, Finansy, 2024, 26 iyunya, available at: https://www.rbc.ru/finances/26/06/2024/667c04189a79474a3d678ec2

2. Summarnaya kapitalizatsiya kriptovalyut dostigla 2,4 trln dollarov [Total Capitalization of Cryptocurrencies has Achieved .4 Trillion]. Blockchair, available at: https://blockchair.com/ru/news/summarnaa-kapitalizacia-kriptovalut-dostigla-24-trln-dollarov–d28ebf3e52

3. Kitay, Indiya i Turtsiya stali glavnymi torgovymi partnerami Rossii v 2023 godu [China, India and Türkiye have become Russia’s Main Trading Partners in 2023]. Izvestiya, 2024, 8 aprelya, available at: https://iz.ru/1678604/2024-04-08/kitai-indiia-i-turtciia-stali-glavnymi-torgovymi-partneramirossii-v-2023-godu

4. Valyuta, osnovannaya na odnom gramme zolota [Currency Based on one Gram of Gold]. Dzen. 2023. 10 iyulya. URL: https://dzen.ru/a/ ZKxbgrfr_3KEBIFV

5. Kogda poyavitsya novaya valyuta BRIKS i kak ona povliyaet na rubl’ [When the New BRICS Currency will Appear and How it will Impact the Rouble]. T–Zh. 2024. 18 aprelya. URL: https://journal.tinkoff.ru/news/brics-currency/

6. Yuliya Abdulbarova. Top-7 stran pod sanktsiyami: kak zhivut gosudarstva pod sanktsionnymi ogranicheniyami? [Top 7 Countries under Sanctions: How do States Live under Sanctions?]. LinDEAL. URL: https://lindeal.com/trends/top-7-stran-pod-sankciyami-kak-zhivut-gosudarstva-pod-sankcionnymi-ogranicheniyami

7. Zamorozka aktivov. Traditsii i novye printsipy raboty Zapada s rezervami tret’ikh stran [Asset Freezing. Traditions and New Principles of the West’s Work with Reserves of Third Countries]. Dzen, 2023, 27 dekabrya, available at: https://dzen.ru/a/ZYvtfjnG4kyLlH9F

DOI: 10.33917/es-4.196.2024.38-45

Global dynamics can be understood only from the point of a civilizational approach and within the framework of dialectical ontology. We can observe the opposition of multidirectional civilizational leaders represented from the West by the United States and their reflexive accompaniment in favour of a unipolar world on the part of England, as well as a group of satellites. On the East side, they are represented by Russia and forward-looking China, cautious India and wise Iran, some bold candidates for allies in the noble cause of building a multipolar world.

References:

1. Anisimov O.S. Gegel’: myshlenie i razvitie [Hegel: Thought and Development]. Moscow, 2000.

2. Anisimov O.S. Razvitie myshleniya v kommunikatsii i nemetskaya klassicheskaya filosofiya [Development of Thinking in Communication and German Classical Philosophy]. Myshlenie stratega: model’nye syuzhety, vyp. 57, Moscow, 2019.

3. Anisimov O.S. Gegel’ i myslitel’nyy potentsial metodologii [Hegel and Mental Potential of the Methodology]. Vol. 1–2, Moscow, 2023.

4. Marks K., Engel’s F. Sochineniya [Writings]. Vol. 46, part 1, pp. 36–38.

5. Anisimov O.S. Tsivilizatsiya i ee mekhanizmy: stanovlenie i razrushenie [Civilization and Its Mechanisms: Formation and Destruction]. Vol. 1–2, Moscow, 2007.

6. Anisimov O.S. Istoriya i tsivilizatsiya [History and Civilization]. Ucheb. posobie, vol. 1–3, Moscow, 2020.

7. Anisimov O.S. Skhemy i skhematizatsiya: put’ v kul’turu myshleniya [Schemes and Schematization: Path to the Culture of Thinking]. Vol. 1–2, Moscow, 2007.

8. Anisimov O.S. Yazyk. Semantika. Skhemotekhnika [Language. Semantics. Circuit design]. Myshlenie stratega: model’nye syuzhety, vyp. 47, Moscow, 2017.

9. Anisimov O.S. Strategicheskoe upravlenie i gosudarstvennoe myshlenie [Strategic Management and State Thinking]. Moscow, 2006.

10. Anisimov O.S. Strateg [Strategist]. Vol. 1–3, Moscow, 2023.

11. Anisimov O.S. Absolyutnoe myshlenie [Absolute Thinking]. Myshlenie stratega: model’nye syuzhety, vyp. 55, Moscow, 2019.

12. Anisimov O.S. Dokazyvayushchaya analitika i “razumnoe” myshlenie [Evidence-Based Analytics and Smart Thinking]. Myshlenie stratega: model’nye syuzhety, vyp. 70, Moscow, 2021.

13. Anisimov O.S. Ontologiya i logika [Ontology and Logic]. Ucheb. posobie, Moscow, 2020.

14. Anisimov O.S. S chego nachat’ rost umstvennogo potentsiala? [Where to Start Increasing Mental Potential?]. Potentsial, 2023, no 2.

15. Anisimov O.S. Metodologiya na rubezhe vekov (k 50-letiyu MMK) [Methodology at the Turn of the Century (to the 50th anniversary of MMK)]. Moscow, 2004.

16. Shchedrovitskiy G.P. Izbrannye proizvedeniya [Selected Writings]. Moscow,1995.

17. Anisimov O.S. Kul’tura i dukhovnost’ v myshlenii stratega [Culture and Spirituality in the Strategist’s Thinking]. Moscow, 2012.

18. Anisimov O.S. Ideya logiki i mysletekhnika [The Idea of Logic and Thought Technology]. Myshlenie stratega: model’nye syuzhety, vyp. 46. Moscow, 2017.

DOI: 10.33917/es-4.196.2024.46-53

The purpose of this article is to identify criteria for the influence of artificial intelligence technologies in payment systems on the consciousness of the population as their main user. When reviewing technologies, methods of scientific analysis were applied: the method of analysis and synthesis, abstraction, generalization, description, induction, deduction.

The article dwells on assessment of the implementation and impact of technologies based on artificial intelligence. It is shown that at the moment a situation has arisen where artificial intelligence tools have the opportunity to manipulate human consciousness. Accelerated development of human interaction in the virtual space resulted in both positive and negative consequences of the use of artificial intelligence technologies in payment systems within the framework of the new social reality. Based on the identified advantages and disadvantages, criteria for the impact of artificial intelligence technologies on the consciousness of the population were discovered and identified.

References:

1. Velichkovskiy B.B. Soznanie [Conscience]. Bol’shaya rossiyskaya entsiklopediya, available at: https://bigenc.ru/c/soznanie-f1153b

2. Tekhnologii iskusstvennogo intellekta i mashinnogo obucheniya [Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Technologies]. NIU VShE, 2021, 5 marta, available at: https://hsbi.hse.ru/articles/tekhnologii-iskusstvennogo-intellekta-i-mashinnogo-obucheniya/

3. 12 variantov ispol’zovaniya II i mashinnogo obucheniya v finansakh [12 Ways to Use AI and Machine Learning in Finance]. Generativnyy analiz dannykh, 2020, 10 aprelya, available at: https://zephyrnet.com/ru/12-use-cases-of-ai-and-machine-learning-in-finance/

4. Fedorov D. Chto takoe NLP? [What is NLP?]. Renovatsio, 2023, available at: https://renovatsio.rf/media/natural-language-processing

5. Vot polozhenie NLP v finansakh. Ty dolzhen znat’ [Here is the Position of NLP in Finance. You Should Know]. Shaip, 2023, 26 oktyabrya, available at: https://ru.shaip.com/in-the-media/here-are-the-applications-of-nlp-in-finance-you-need-to-know/

6. Perspektivy razvitiya chat-botov v bankovskom sektore: golosovoy II, prognozirovanie povedeniya, analiz nastroeniya [Prospects for the Development of Chatbots in the Banking Sector: Voice AI, Behavior Forecasting, Mood Analysis]. TalkBank, 2022, 21 yanvarya, available at: https://business.talkbank.io/tpost/ lp3s2ai1c1-perspektivi-razvitiya-chat-botov-v-banko

7. Vershinin O. Neyronnye seti: printsip raboty, perspektivy i 159 sovremennykh neyronok [Neural Networks: the Principle of Operation, Prospects and 159 Modern Neurons]. Neiros, 2023, 17 noyabrya, available at: https://neiros.ru/blog/automation/neyronnye-seti-printsip-raboty-perspektivy-i-159-sovremennykhneyronok/

8. Kak rabotayut neyronnye seti? [How do Neural Networks Work?]. Productstar, 2023, 16 marta, available at: https://blog.productstar.ru/kak-rabotayutnejronnye-seti/

9. Prediktivnaya analitika: instruktsiya po primeneniyu II pri prognozirovanii [Predictive Analytics: Instructions for using AI in Forecasting]. SBER Pro, 2023, 23 avgusta, available at: https://sber.pro/publication/prediktivnaya-analitika-instrukcziya-po-primeneniyu-ii-pri-prognozirovanii/

DOI: 10.33917/es-4.196.2024.54-61

The article dwells on the Concept of standardization in the cryptosphere in the Russian Federation, which includes substantiation of the need for standardization in the cryptosphere, definition of the “cryptosphere standard” term, types of cryptostandards, principles and tasks of standardization, provisions for organizing standardization in the country, stages of standardization. Particular attention is paid to the content of crypto standards and their role in increasing the efficiency of the country’s economy.

DOI: 10.33917/es-4.196.2024.62-73

The paper reveals the content of the method of structural analysis as a basic approach in economic research, used in the study of economic changes. The purpose of the study is to demonstrate the areas of application of structural analysis and its part — macrostructural analysis, with outputs for the study of technological development and the formation of a strategy for economic policy and development. The methodology consists of empirical structural analysis, comparative method and taxonomic approach. The overall result can be considered the identified areas of application of structural analysis in the macroeconomic part of its application, the possibilities and mistakes of applying macrostructural analysis to the study of economic growth and structural transformation of the economy. Let us note that many issues of the application of macrostructural analysis in economic science have been poorly studied. Often in studies it is replaced by the general method of structural analysis, which is reduced exclusively to the assessment of “input-output”, the structure of aggregate demand and production distributed across economic sectors. In fact, structural analysis is much broader, extends to micro and mesoeconomic objects of the economy, and is suitable not only for correcting current macroeconomic policies, but also for developing strategic plans for economic development and carrying out economic changes (reforms). An interpretation of changes within the framework of the “old — new” technologies structure is given, as well as proposals for taking into account technological development as an important condition for carrying out the structural and technological modernization of Russia.

References:

1. Shumpeter Y.A. Teoriya ekonomicheskogo razvitiya. Kapitalizm, sotsializm i demokratiya [Theory of Economic Development. Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy]. Moscow, Eksmo, 2007, 864 s.

2. Nort D. Ponimanie protsessa ekonomicheskikh izmeneniy [Understanding the Process of Economic Change]. Moscow, Vysshaya shkola ekonomiki, 2010, 256 p.

3. Barr R. Politicheskaya ekonomiya [Political Economy]. V 2 t. Moscow, Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya, 1996.

4. Sukharev O.S. Strukturnyy analiz ekonomiki [Structural Analysis of the Economy]. Moscow, Finansy i statistika, 2012, 216 p.

5. Dedov L.A., Botkin O.I. Indeksnyy makrostrukturnyy analiz ekonomicheskoy dinamiki. Osnovnye ponyatiya i priemy makrostrukturnogo analiza [Index Macrostructural Analysis of Economic Dynamics. Basic Concepts and Techniques of Macrostructural Analysis]. Ekaterinburg, Izd-vo UrO RAN, 2013, 111 p.

6. Sukharev O.S. Strukturnye issledovaniya sovremennoy rossiyskoy ekonomicheskoy shkoly: osnovnye podkhody i perspektivy [Structural Research of the Modern Russian Economic School: Main Approaches and Prospects]. Vestnik Permskogo universiteta, 2022, vol. 17, no 1, pp. 5–26.

7. Leont’ev V.V. Izbrannye stat’i [Featured Articles]. Saint Petersburg, Nevskoe vremya, 1994, 366 p.

DOI: 10.33917/es-4.196.2024.74-81

The article examines the issues of stimulating the Russian economy through mechanism for implementing megaprojects, assesses the implementation risks and provides recommendations for providing economic security of the Russian Federation in the context of the current GDP structure.

References:

1. Rasporyazhenie Pravitel’stva RF ot 20 maya 2023 g. N 1315-r “Ob utverzhdenii Kontseptsii tekhnologicheskogo razvitiya na period do 2030 goda” [Order of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 20, 2023 No. 1315-r “On Approval of the Concept of Technological Development for the Period up to 2030”]. Kodeks, available at: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/1301657597#6580IP

2. Plenarnoe zasedanie Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo foruma [Plenary Session of the Eurasian Economic Forum]. Ofitsial’noe internet-predstavitel’stvo prezidenta Rossii, 2023, 24 maya, available at: http://www.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/71198

3. Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 28 fevralya 2024 g. N 145 “O Strategii nauchno-tekhnologicheskogo razvitiya Rossiyskoy Federatsii” [Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of February 28, 2024 No. 145 “On the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation”]. Ofitsial’nyy internet-portal pravovoy informatsii, available at: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/document/0001202402280003?index=2

4. Morunov V.V. Teoreticheskie podkhody k opredeleniyu sushchnosti ekonomicheskoy bezopasnosti [Theoretical Approaches to Defining the Essence of Economic Security]. VEPS. 2011. № 4. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/teoreticheskie-podhody-k-opredeleniyu-suschnosti-ekonomicheskoy-bezopasnosti

5. Radygin A.D., Entov R.M., Abramov A.E., Chernova M.I., Mal’ginov G.N. Privatizatsiya 30 let spustya: masshtaby i effektivnost’ gosudarstvennogo sektora [Privatization 30 Years Later: The Scale and Efficiency of the Public Sector]. Moscow, ID “Delo” RANKhiGS. 2019. URL: https://ipei.ranepa.ru/ru/kgu

6. Likholetov V.V. Strategicheskie aspekty ekonomicheskoy bezopasnosti [Strategic Aspects of Economic Security]. Obrazovatel’naya platforma “Yurayt”, 2023, 201, available at: https://urait.ru/bcode/519502

7. Vlasti obsudili vvod garantirovannogo dokhoda dlya investorov v megaproekty. Gosudarstvo mozhet obespechit’ im khedzhirovanie riskov [Authorities Discussed the Introduction of a Guaranteed Income for Investors in Megaprojects. The State can Provide them with Risk Hedging]. RBK, 2023, 26 oktyabrya, available at: https://www.rbc.ru/economics/26/10/2023/653900cc9a7947b40010637f?from=copy

8. Bezbozhnova E.A. Ekonomicheskaya bezopasnost’ gosudarstva v kontekste tekhnologicheskogo razvitiya [Economic Security of the State in the Context of Technological Development]. Ekonomika i sovremennyy menedzhment: teoriya, metodologiya, praktika. Penza, Nauka i Prosveshchenie, 2022, pp. 139–141.

9. Karavaeva I.V. Natsional’naya ekonomicheskaya bezopasnost’ v teoreticheskikh issledovaniyakh Instituta ekonomiki RAN [National Economic Security in Theoretical Research of the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences]. Vestnik Instituta ekonomiki Rossiyskoy akademii nauk, 2020, no 2, available at: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/natsionalnaya-ekonomicheskaya-bezopasnost-v-teoreticheskih-issledovaniyah-instituta-ekonomiki-ran