DOI: 10.33917/mic-6.107.2022.81-90

The scientific article analyzes the definitions of the concept of «cartel conspiracy» and examines the historical features of the development of cartels in Russia. International experience is taken into account in relation to the issue of research on the example of the USA and Germany. The authors have formulated their own definition of cartel collusion as a form of association of economic entities based on a number of oral or written agreements, the participants of which, without renouncing financial, industrial and commercial independence, achieve common goals (influence on prices, determination of the course and results of bidding, division of territories or consumers) when interacting with various economic entities (cartel and non-cartel companies, suppliers and customers of goods and services, direct competitors, manufacturers of substitutes, government agencies, etc.).

References:

1. Report on the state of competition in the Russian Federation for 2021. Moscow, 2022. 471 p. URL: https://fas.gov.ru/documents/688431

2. Report on the state of competition in the Russian Federation for 2020. Moscow, 2021. 534 p. URL: https://fas.gov.ru/documents/b-n-3609af5f-7476-4122-bb77-d04c49d96ca7

3. Report on the state of competition in the Russian Federation for 2018. Moscow, 2019. 632 p. URL: https://fas.gov.ru/documents/685806

4. Report on the state of competition in the Russian Federation for 2017. Moscow, 2018. 806 p. URL: https://fas.gov.ru/documents/658027

5. Report on the state of competition in the Russian Federation for 2016. Moscow, 2017. 739 p. URL: https://fas.gov.ru/documents/596439

6. Klimenkov I.N. Cartel: a comparative analysis of the approaches of foreign countries and the Russian Federation // Bulletin of the Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2019;7:204-207. (In Russ.).

7. Lisitsyn-Svetlanov A.G., Bashlakov-Nikolaev I.V., Zavarukhin V.P. [and etc.]. Cartelization of the Russian economy: the main causes, consequences and ways to eliminate them // Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 2020;90(10):903-913. (In Russ.).

8. Kalyakina Yu.I. Cartel collusion in the era of a pandemic // Alley of Science. 2021;10 (61):419-422. (In Russ.).

9. Korneva E.D. Cartel collusion and methods of combating it // Modern trends in economics and management: a new look. 2011;12-1:23-28. (In Russ.).

10. Marshall R.C., & Marx L.M. The economics of collusion: Cartels and bidding rings, Mit Press, 2012.

11. Yusupov A.M. Factors stimulating the development of cartels in Russia // Topical issues of modern economic science: Proceedings of the XI International Scientific Conference, Astrakhan, April 21, 2021. Astrakhan: Astrakhan State University, 2021. pp. 228-232. (In Russ.).

12. Tabakaeva M.R., Chaikina K.A. Influence of cartels on the modern economy // Actual problems of aviation and cosmonautics. 2019;3:136-138. (In Russ.).

13. Lapin V.O. In search of effective methods for investigating cartel conspiracies // Society: politics, economics, law. 2022;2:78–83. (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.33917/mic-6.107.2022.5-18

The article proposes a set of organizational, methodological, legal and managerial measures for the development of such structural elements of the model of strategic management in the field of science and technology as forecasting scientific research and development, selecting thematic priorities for the development of scientific research and development, monitoring the activities of management entities in the field of science and technology, examination of the results of scientific and scientific-technical activities.

References:

1. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of June 13, 1996 No. 884 (as amended on February 23, 2006) «On the Doctrine of the Development of Russian Science». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

2. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 1, 2016 No. 642 «Strategy of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

3. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of July 2, 2021 No. 400 «On the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

4. Federal Law of August 23, 1996 No. 127-FZ «On Science and State Scientific and Technical Policy». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

5. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 15, 2021 No. 143 «On measures to improve the efficiency of the state scientific and technical policy». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

6. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 15, 2021 No. 144 «On Certain Issues of the Council under the President of the Russian Federation for Science and Education». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

7. Federal Law of July 20, 1995 No. 115-FZ «On State Forecasting and Programs for the Socio-Economic Development of the Russian Federation». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

8. Federal Law of June 28, 2014 No. 172-FZ «On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

9. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 1, 2016 No. 642 «On the strategy of scientific and technological development in the Russian Federation». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

10. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 15, 2021 No. 143 «On measures to improve the efficiency of the state scientific and technical policy». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

11. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of November 8, 2021 No. 633 «On approval of the foundations of state policy in the field of strategic planning in the Russian Federation». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

12. Modernization and economic security of Russia: T. 2 / Ed. acad. N.Ya. Petrakov. St. Petersburg: Nestor-Istoriya, 2011. 516 p.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-6.107.2022.19-31

The purpose of this scientific article is to prepare proposals for the further development of the management of enterprises and organizations of the domestic defense industry. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that at present the current organizational structure for managing them has a number of significant drawbacks, the main of which (especially with a significant expansion of the range of products) are a significant decrease in the system’s maneuverability and an increase in its response time to changes in external conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new methodological approaches to eliminate these shortcomings. The paper considers the following issues: 1) as a result of the analysis of integration processes in the Russian defense industry, the main shortcomings and unresolved problems were identified; 2) the fundamental conditions for the development of an organizational structure for managing a business entity are determined; 3) requirements for its elements are formulated; 4) proposed and substantiated on their basis a typical organizational structure for managing a large production facility – a corporation.

References:

1. On the approval of the «Federal target program for the restructuring and conversion of the defense industry for 1996-2000». Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 625 dated June 24, 1998. – Access from the Garant information and legal system.

2. Artyukhov V.I. Conversion of the defense industry in modern economic conditions // Conversion in mechanical engineering. 1994;1:5-9. (In Russ.).

3. Borisov V., Rassadin V., Tarakanov G. Prospects for structural changes in mechanical engineering and military-industrial complex // Economist. 1995;7:45-50. (In Russ.).

4. Bratukhin A.G., Dmitriev O.N., Kovalkov Yu.A. conversion potential. M.: Mashinostroenie, 1992. 453 p.

5. Pimenov V.V. State corporations as a tool for implementing industrial policy in the military-industrial complex // Management and business administration. 2008;4:56-65. (In Russ.).

6. Sobolev L.B. Restructuring of the military-industrial complex //Finance and credit. 2016;47:47-62. (In Russ.).

7. Sobolev L.B. Horizontal integration or conglomeration? //Economic analysis. 2013;24:8-12. (In Russ.).

8. Barinov V.A. Organizational design. Moscow: Infra-M. 2012. 384 p.

9. Kozyr N.S., Natapova S.M. Classification of organizational structures of enterprise management // Economics and management of innovative technologies. 2015. №3. URL: https://ekonomika.snauka.ru/2015//03/7493

10. Moshkina T. Many-sided structure // Personnel management. 2007;12:63-69. (In Russ.).

11. Zhdanova L.A. Organization and management of a capitalist firm. M.: Publication of the Peoples’ Friendship University, 1987. 82 p.

12. Betelin V.B. On the problem of diversification of production at the enterprises of the military-industrial complex of Russia // Innovations. 2018;7:3-7. (In Russ.).

13. Biryukov A.V. Cluster policy as a factor in increasing the competitiveness of defense industry enterprises // Microeconomics. 2009;5:70-75. (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.33917/mic-6.107.2022.32-42

The article analyzes network interactions as a factor in the formation of business value in the digital economy. In the course of the study, the author analyzes the advantages and features of network interactions within platform business models and business ecosystems. The author comes to the following conclusions. Network interactions between platform participants produce network effects. Taking advantage of network effects is changing the way business value is created. Data is becoming the main asset that ensures the growth of the capitalization of digital companies. Links of the value chain are transformed into modules and embedded in networks. Under the influence of digital technologies, business value is created at all levels of the economic system (including the nanolevel), companies are turning from static hierarchical structures into dynamic networks of interconnected players, and the role of company management in creating business value is changing.

References:

1. Lenin V.I. Imperialism as the highest stage of capitalism. Full coll. op. Moscow: Publishing house of political literature, 1973. T. 27. pp. 299–426.

2. Galbraith J.K. New industrial society. Favorites. Moscow: Eksmo, 2008. 1200 p.

3. Best M. New competition. Institutes of industrial development. Moscow: TEIS, 2002. 356 p.

4. Porter M. Japanese economic model: Can Japan compete? / M. Porter, H. Takeuchi, M. Sakakibara; Per. from English. Moscow: Albina Business Books, 2005. 262 p.

5. Belyaeva I.Yu. Capital of financial and industrial corporate structures: theory and practice / I. Yu. Belyaeva, M. A. Eskindarov. Moscow: INFRA-M, 2001. 399 p.

6. Eskindarov M.A. Development of corporate relations in the modern Russian economy. Moscow: Respublika, 1999. 366 p.

 7. Granovetter M. Economic Action and Social Structure: The Problem of Embeddedness // American Journal of Sociology. 1985;91. URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2780199?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

8. Granovetter M. Economic institutions as social constructors // Journal of sociology and social anthropology. 2004;8(1):77-80. (In Russ).

9. Ananyin O.I., Odintsova M.I. Methodology of economic science: modern problems and trends // Sources, Vol. 4. Moscow: IE RAN, 2000, pp. 135-136.

10. Williamson O.I. Economic Institutions of Capitalism: Firms, Markets, “Relational” Contracting / Scientific Editing and Introductory Article by V.S. Katkalo; per. from English. Yu.V. Blagov, V.S. Katkalo, D.S. Slavnova, Yu.V. Fedotova, N.N. Tsytovich. St. Petersburg: Lenizdat; CEV Press, 1996. 702 p.

11. Oleinik A. Model of network capitalism // Questions of Economics. 2003;8:132–149. (In Russ.).

12. New post-industrial wave of the West. Anthology / Ed. V.L. Inozemtseva. Moscow: Academia, 1999. 640 p.

13. Kats M.L. Network externalities, competition and compatibility / M.L. Katz, K. Shapiro // Milestones of economic thought. T. 5. Theory of industrial markets / Ed. A.G. Slutsky. St. Petersburg: School of Economics, 2003. pp. 500–535.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-6.107.2022.43-48

The article provides a brief analysis of the state of the macro-industries of the Russian economy, it is shown that in the market conditions of the modern post-pandemic and tough sanctions period, there is a need to restructure production to create substitute goods.

This is especially true for small and medium-sized enterprises in all sectors of the economy, where the implementation of the national economic policy is carried out in accordance with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 204 of 07.05.2018, the implementation date of which is scheduled for 2024, development of all sectors of the economy and types of economic activity, and as a result – to increase sustainable socio-ecological and economic development, quality of life and well-being of the population of the country as a whole, and individual regions, in particular.

References:

1. On national development goals and strategic tasks of the Russian Federation until 2024: Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 7 May 2018 (ver. of 19.07.2018), Collected Laws of the RF, 20 (14.05.2018) Art. 2817.

2. Babina L.N., Skotarenko O.V. Features of the qualimetric approach in regional studies // Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University. Economic sciences. 2013;5(180):161-165. (In Russ).

3. Vukovich G.G. Dialectics of the laws of the evolution of the natural system and the economic cyclicity of the development of society // Economics of sustainable development. 2011;3(7):30-35.

4. Deruzhinsky G.V. Labor market of an investment-attractive region: features of its functioning in modern post-crisis conditions / G.V. Deruzhinsky, T.G. Stroiteleva // Economics of sustainable development. 2012;1(9):81-86.

5. Kizim A.A., Filichkina T.B. Marketing and logistics in the context of small business development. Science and education: economy and economics; entrepreneurship; law and management. 2014.№ 1 (44).

6. Marx K. On the Critique of Political economy. M.: Publishing House of Political Literature, 1984. 207 p.

7. Regions of Russia. Socioeconomic indicators – 2020. Official website of the Russian Federal State Statistics Service. URL:  https://rosstat.gov.ru/

8. Soviet encyclopedic dictionary. Moscow: Publishing house «Soviet Encyclopedia», 1984. 1633 p.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-6.107.2022.49-59

This article assesses the financial potential and corporate asset management policy of Severstal Corporation PJSC. A recommendation is given to change the current liabilities management policy from aggressive to moderate, which will lead to an increase in the financial stability of the enterprise, a decrease in the effect of financial leverage, as well as an increase in the weighted average cost of capital as a whole. The study conducted by the authors showed that Severstal Corporation PJSC has average estimates for almost all components of the financial potential of the corporation, therefore, it can be assigned an integral average level of financial potential.

References:

1. Eroputova O.A. Analysis and evaluation of cash flows from investment operations of PJSC Severstal. The Scientific Heritage. 2022;86-3(86):17-20.

2. Izzuka T.B., Tkachenko I.D. The impact of COVID-19 on the financial condition of metallurgical enterprises: problems and prospects. Economic sciences. 2021;195:67-77. (In Russ.).

3. Isaeva S.S. Assessment of the probability of bankruptcy by various methods on the example of PJSC Severstal (foreign practice). The world economy: security problems. 2017;3:25-29. (In Russ.).

4. Karkanitsa A.S., Strunnikova Ya.D., Rodionova D.V., Savinkina A.D., Kirdyanova D.I., Khayak A.A., Strunnikova A.D. Market model of shares of PJSC Severstal. Economics and entrepreneurship. 2020;1(114):767-769. (In Russ.).

5. Nikolaeva E.V., Pletnev D.A., Mirvakhedi S. The practice of assessing transaction costs: the case of PJSC Severstal. Bulletin of Chelyabinsk State University. 2020;6(440):204-211. (In Russ.).

6. Rykanin N.V. Overview of the metallurgical industry of Russia and the position of PJSC Severstal in it. Financial economics. 2021;4:194-197. (In Russ.).

7. Rykanin N.V. Prospective analysis of cash flows of PJSC Severstal. Natural sciences and humanities research. 2021;35 (3):278-284. (In Russ.).

8. Sapunova T.A., Koivistoinen A.A. Development of innovative financial strategy of PJSC Severstal. Economics and Business: theory and practice. 2022;6-2 (88):149-152. (In Russ.).

9. Cherednichenko A.S. Analysis of financial results of PJSC Severstal in terms of outsourcing of business processes. Modern Science. 2019;9-1:121-124.

10. Shuvarikov M.D. Principles of IFRS in the financial analysis of PJSC Severstal and PJSC NLMK. Economic security. 2021;4(3):839-852. (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.33917/mic-6.107.2022.60-65

The purpose of this work is to study the development of the beekeeping industry in the modern world. The study touched upon the history of beekeeping in Russia and in other countries, indicated the uniqueness of honey and other bee products, and also noted the effectiveness of conducting activities in this industry. One of the tasks of developing the market for beekeeping products is to increase employment and incomes of the rural population. The theoretical provisions and conditions that affect the employment and income of the rural population during the development of the beekeeping industry were also disclosed.

References:

1. On beekeeping in the Russian Federation: Federal Law No. 490-FZ: [adopted by the State Duma on December 22, 2020: approved by the Federation Council on December 25, 2020]. – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

2. Kozyaychev Yu.V., Thorikov B.A. Analysis of the world experience in the development of the beekeeping industry. Economics. Informatics. 2018;45(2):251-260. (In Russ.).

3. Nikulina O.V., Ledovskoy M.A. Analysis of the development of the beekeeping industry in Russia: identifying problems and searching for reserves to increase competitiveness in the international arena. Regional economy and management: electronic scientific journal. 2022;1(69). URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/analiz-razvitiya-otrasli-pchelovodstva-v-rossii-vyyavlenie-problem-i-poisk-rezervov-dlya-povysheniya-konkurentosposobnosti

4. Kondratyuk I.A. Territorial structure of beekeeping in China. Innovations and investments. 2021;7:28-31. (In Russ).

5. Ponomarev A.S. Problems of beekeeping in China // Paseka-online. URL: http://naceka-online.ru/stati/zarubezhnoe-pchelovodstvo/problemy-pchelovodstva-kitaja.html

6. Ponomarev A.S. Russian beekeeping in 2020: challenges, results and trends. Beekeeping. 2021;1:8-11. (In Russ).

7. Kozyaychev Yu.V. Analysis of the world experience in the development of beekeeping / Yu.V. Kozyaychev, B.A. Tkhorikov. Scientific Bulletin of the Belgorod State University. Series: Economy. Informatics. 2018;2:251-260. (In Russ).

8. Global honey market in 2020. URL: https://www.apiworld.ru/1622805431.html

9. Vaganova O.V. Regional economy: textbook. allowance / O.V. Vaganova, Ya.Yu. Bondareva, I.V. Chistnikova and others. Belgorod: Publishing House «Belgorod», NRU BelGU, 2017. 140 p. (In Russ).

10. Chepik A.G. Improving the efficiency of beekeeping development in the Russian Federation: theory, methodology and practice: dissertation … Doctor of Economics: 08.00.05. Moscow, 2007. 317 p.

11. Gulyamova D. Beekeeping: a resource for the development of rural areas. Pravda Vostoka, September 20, 2022. URL: https://yuz.uz/ru/news/pchelovodstvo-resurs-dlya-razvitiya-selskix-territoriy

DOI: 10.33917/mic-6.107.2022.66-75

The article deals with the problems of typology and scaling of innovative entrepreneurship, its place in the development of the global and domestic economy. The evolution of engineering thinking and the allocation of technological entrepreneurship based on the generation and implementation of innovations are considered. It is shown how the development of the ecosystem approach creates new opportunities for the production of innovative products through the formation of special innovative ecosystems. The authors emphasize the importance of engineering education in the mass development of domestic innovative entrepreneurship.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-6.107.2022.76-80

Currently, the activities of microfinance institutions are widespread all over the world. The article explores the history of the emergence of microfinance organizations, originating from the Middle Ages. The current state of the microfinance market of the Russian Federation is analyzed and its participants are considered. Measures are proposed to improve the quality of services provided by microfinance organizations. The relevance of the article is explained by the need to understand the economic nature of the origin of microfinance transactions against the background of the rapid growth of their number both in Russia and abroad.  

References:

1. Zakhkin A.A. Microfinance in the financial services market: background and world experience // Banking services. 2013;2:8-14. (In Russ).

2. Ulyantseva Zh.A. Microfinance Institute in Russia: Dynamics and Directions of Development / Collection of materials of the International Scientific and Practical Forum «Modern Innovative Directions for the Development of the Activities of Insurance and Financial-Credit Organizations in the Conditions of a Transformational Economy». Kursk: CJSC «Universitetskaya kniga». 2016. pp. 148-152. (In Russ).

3. Microfinance, Bank of Russia. Official website of the Bank of Russia. URL: https://www.cbr.ru/microfinance/