DOI: 10.33917/mic-1.102.2022.5-21

The article deals with the regulatory and legal grounds and the subject of development of the forecast for the development of fundamental and exploratory scientific research. Provisions, factors and conditions regulating the formation of this forecast have been developed. Proposals for the development of information and expert support of the forecast are formulated.

References:

1. Scenario conditions for a long-term forecast of the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation until 2030 / Ministry of Economic Development of Russia. M., 2013. URL: https://institutiones.com/general/2373-klyuchevye-problemy-razrabotki-scenarnyx-uslovij.html

2. Mindeli L., Ostapyuk S., Chernykh S. Long-term forecasting of the development of fundamental science in Russia: methodological aspects // Society and Economics. 2017;10:5–22. (In Russ.).

3. Sidelnikov Yu.V., Minaev E.S. Technology of expert scenario forecasting. M.: MAI Publishing House, 2017.

4. Zubova L.G., Mindeli L.E., Motova M.A. et al. Methodological aspects of developing a long-term forecast of scientific and technological development / TsISN // Information Bulletin. 2004;6:31–74. (In Russ.).

5. Mindeli L.E., Ostapyuk S.F., Fetisov V.P. On the organization of long-term forecasting of fundamental and search scientific research // Economics and Mathematical Methods. 2019;55(1):56-67. (In Russ.).

6. Ostapyuk S.F. Conditions, stages, features and information support of the procedure for forecasting the development of fundamental and exploratory scientific research. Collection of articles on the results of the international scientific-practical conference «The state and trends in the development of science, technology and innovation». M.: IPRAN RAS, 2021. (In Russ.).

7. Makosko A.A., Abrosimov V.K. On forecasting the development of science as a task of weak artificial intelligence (conceptual approach) // Innovations. 2018; 9 (239):13–19. (In Russ.).

8. Pletnev K.I., Lazarenko N.E. Expertise in the scientific and technical sphere: methodology and organization. M.: Publishing House of the RAGS, 2003. (In Russ.).

9. Dushkin R.V. Why hybrid AI systems are the future // Economic strategies. 2018;156:84–93. (In Russ.).

10. Russell S., Norvig P. Artificial intelligence. Modern approach. 2nd ed. M.: Williams, 2006.

11. Marcus G. Deep Learning: A Critical Appraisal. New York University, 2017. Cornell University Library. URL: http://arxiv.org/1801.00631

12. Sokolov A.V. Foresight: a look into the future // Foresight. 2007;1(1):8–15. (In Russ.).

13. Novikov D.A., Chkhartishvili A.G. Active forecast. M.: IPU RAN, 2002. (In Russ.).

14. Belousov D.R., Frolov I.E. Long-term scientific and technological forecast: construction methodologies, contours of the technological future, development scenario // Foresight. 2008; 2(3):54-67. (In Russ.).

15. Website of the Council for Science under the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. URL: http://sovet-po-nauke.ru/info/31012017-declaration_goszadanie

DOI: 10.33917/mic-1.102.2022.22-29

A series of facts of the economic life of any organization has its own history. The direct adoption of a management decision is preceded by a plan and planning based on the analysis of special economic operations in the area of interest to us. The article presents the types of logical stages, which, in turn, contain certain analytical events. The formulation of specific tasks that should be solved in economic operations involving the state (state property and obligations) in the interests of the state should be entrusted to the person making the management decision.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-1.102.2022.30-39

The article studies a set of national programmes and federal projects directly and indirectly influencing human resourcing of the national programme for creation of a digital economy in the Russian Federation. It studies implementation criteria of the programmes and projects and changes in their quantitative indicators. It specifically focuses on implementation of main methodological approaches: programme goal, complex-based, process-based, systemic, and situational approaches as a basis for a hierarchy of the set of programmes and projects.

References:

1. On national goals and strategic objectives in development of the Russian Federation until 2024: Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 07.05.2018 No 204 (ver. of 19.07.2018). Collected RF legislation. 14.05.2018. No 20. p. 2817.

2. On the Strategy for scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation: Decree of the President of the RF of 01.12.2016 No 642. Collected RF legislation, 05.12.2016. No. 49. p. 6887.

3. On the federal budget for 2020 and the planned period of 2021 and 2022: Federal law of 02.12.2019 No 380-FZ. Official website for legal information http://www.pravo.gov.ru. 03.12.2019. effective from 01.01.2020. International economic activities.

4. On approval of the government program of the Russian Federation «Development of education»: Decree of the RF Government of 26.12.2017 No 1642 (ver. of 30.11.2019). Collected RF legislation. 01.01.2018. No 1 (Part II). p. 375.

5. On approval of the government program of the Russian Federation «Economic development and innovative economy»: Decree of the RF Government of 15.04.2014 No 316 (ver. of 30.11.2019). Collected RF legislation. 05.05.2014. No 18 (Part II). p. 2162.

6. Description of the federal project «Regulatory control of digital environment» of the national program «Digital economy of the Russian Federation» (approved by the Executive Committee of the Government Commission for Digital Development and Use of Information Technologies for Improving the Living Standards and Conditions of Doing Business, Protocol of 28.05.2019 No 9), published online. URL: https://digital.gov.ru as of 09.07.2019

7. Description of the national project (program) «International cooperation and export» (approved by the Executive Committee of the Council on Strategic Development and National Projects attached to the President of the Russian Federation, Protocol of 24.12.2018 No 16). Not published.

8. Description of the national project (program) «Labour productivity and employment support» (approved by the Executive Committee of the Council on Strategic Development and National Projects attached to the President of the Russian Federation, Protocol of 24.12.2018 No 16). Not published.

9. Belous A.P., Lyalkov S.Yu. Vector of business development in the flow of the digital revolution. Banking. 2017; 10:16-19. (In Russ.).

10. Bodrunov S., Plotnikov V., Vertakova Y. Technological Development as a Factor of Ensuring the National Security, Proceedings of the 30th International Business Information Management Association Conference — Vision 2020: Sustainable Economic development, Innovation Management, and Global Growth. 2017. 8-9 November. Madrid. P. 66-74.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-1.102.2022.40-54

The principles and algorithms of the analysis of rational preferences of the target group in the image-forming space are considered, with an special attention on the correctness of the application of methods and interpretation of results, based on the identification of factors that determine market processes, and the construction of images of ideal goods/ brands/ firms in the perception of the target group. The issues of promoting a product/ brand/ company based on the analysis of rational preferences are discussed. Examples of solving practical problems of identifying factors of rational preference of goods/ brands/ firms, building their ideal images in the space of rational preferences, analyzing the configuration of ideal images, developing a strategy and essential details of promotion are given using the presented approach.

This article is a continuation of the author’s research presented in No 2(97), No 3(98), No 4(99) and No 5(100) of the journal for 2021.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-1.102.2022.55-65

The article is devoted to the analysis and forecasting of the institutional structure of the furniture market in Russia, taking into account the theory of economic dominance in a multilevel economy. It is shown that despite the conservative changes in the market, a stable hierarchy of companies has quickly developed on it, which determines the architecture and logic of its development in the medium term. The article examines in detail the situation in the Russian furniture market in 2020, which arose under the influence of the current epidemiological and economic situation. In the context of the groups described in this theory, the factors that furniture companies had to face depending on their size, market position and organizational structure are shown, the prospects for their development are assessed and general recommendations are given for each group. Identification of the key market players and comparison of the institutional strength of its participants belonging to different levels of the hierarchy makes it possible to form scenarios for its development and build appropriate forecasts for the development of this sector of the economy. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between the structure and key players in the furniture market and the housing construction market. It is shown that there is a potential for mutual strengthening of the institutional strength of the key players in both markets, but so far it has been implemented to a weak degree. These relationships are expected to strengthen in the coming years.

References:

1. Blokhin A.A. Institutional rent in a multilevel economy // Problems of forecasting. 2019;4:16-26. (In Russ.).

2. Blokhin A.A., Lomakin-Rumyantsev I.V., Naumov S.A. Alfa-business in the Russian food market // Economic strategies. 2019;6:68-77. (In Russ.).

3. Vertogradov V.A. Market strategies of alpha, beta, gamma in the context of the theory of economic dominance // Economic strategies. 2020;2:50-53. (In Russ.).

4. Studnikov C.C. Higher education in Russia: the heyday of economic dominance // The world of the new economy. 2021;1:112-120. (In Russ.).

5. Mertsalova A., Shchurenkov N., Kostyrev A. The shavings were removed from the furniture // newspaper «Kommersant», No. 221 of 2.12.2020. URL: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/4594631

6. RBC Market Research. Furniture retail chains, 2019. URL: https://marketing.rbc.ru/research/issue/64188

7. Mauborn Rene, Kim Chan V. The strategy of the Blue Ocean. How to find or create a market free of other players. Publisher: Mann, Ivanov and Ferber, 2020. 336 p. (In Russ.).

8. Fligstin N. Architecture of markets: economic sociology of capitalist societies of the XXI century / translated from English by A. A. Kurakin; edited by V.V. Radaev; National. research. un-t «Higher School of Economics». Moscow: Publishing House of the Higher School of Economics, 2013. 392 p. URL: https://publications.hse.ru/books/94309661

9. Blokhin A.A., Sternik S.G., Teleshev G.V. Institutional transformations of housing construction in 2020 // Problems of forecasting. 2021;2(185):43-55. (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.33917/mic-1.102.2022.66-74

The purpose of the article is determined by the need to research the raw materials potential and its impact on the growth and development of building organizations. The article determines that the efficiency of raw materials used in the activities of building complex organizations is a reserve for development of the building potential as a kind of economic activity and stimulates particular actions to fulfill the national objective «Comfortable and safe environment for life». The hypothesis is stated that the identification of the potential types for growth and development of building complex organizations as an economic system acquires real meaning only when there is a possibility of adequate measurement of the parameters of growth and development of the economic system. Proposed signs of parameters identification for measuring the growth of the economy of building organizations reflect the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the growth of their economy. The potential types that determine the functioning and development of building organizations have been broadened by supplementing the existing classification with the potential for administrative transformation in the construction industry. Allocation of the potential of administrative transformation into an independent type of the raw materials potential is justified from the perspective of its impact on the entire raw materials potential of the building organization and the existing backgrounds in the construction sector.

References:

1. Grant R.M. Modern strategic analysis. 5th ed. Saint-Petersburg: Piter, 2018. 762 p. (In Russ.).

2. Unified plan to achieve the national development goals of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2024 and for the planned period up to 2030 // Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation. URL: https://www.economy.gov.ru/material/dokumenty/edinyy_plan_po_dostizheniyu_nacionalnyh_celey_razvitiya_rossiyskoy_federacii_na_period_do_2024_goda_i_na_planovyy_period_do_2030_goda.html

3. Barbarskaya M. N. Resource potential of a construction organization and approaches to its assessment // Traditions and innovations in construction and architecture. Socio-humanities and economic sciences, 2016. pp. 193-196. (In Russ.).

4. Razumei V.Y., Fedoseev I.V. Practical experience of using graphical methods for assessing competitiveness for construction companies // In Situ, 2016;1-2:73-79.

5. Chepachenko N.V., Yudenko M.N., Palicki S. Methodological aspects of research, measurement and evaluation of the development potential of construction organizations // Problems of the socio-economic development of Siberia. 2018;3(33):82-90. (In Russ.).

6. Fedoseev I.V., Vasileva N.V., Salov A.A. Management of innovation and investment activities in housing construction in the region. M.: SPbGehu, 2018, 158 p. (In Russ.).

7. Chepachenko N.V., Yudenko M.N., Goncharova М.S., Sergeeva N.Y. Methodical approach to measurement and evaluating effective activity of construction organizations // Microeconomics.   2019;1:13-19. (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.33917/mic-1.102.2022.75-82

In the scientific article, within the framework of the study of the terminological definitions of «competitiveness» and «competition», the concept of competitiveness of services is clarified. The classification of scientific schools in the field of management theory based on directive, descriptive and complex approaches is presented. The specific typology of the competitiveness of services in the context of the theoretical formula «personnel – processes – partners – products» is substantiated.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-1.102.2022.83-90

The article discusses the possibilities of using a scenario approach in forecasting and budgeting in the practice of corporate governance of PJSC Aeroflot. According to the methodology of the National Corporate Governance Rating in 2018, Aeroflot PJSC has a rating of 7++, which indicates compliance with Russian legislation, taking into account the interests of all interested parties (shareholders, the state, employees, consumers of services). Currently, it is established that in 2020-2021. This aspect of corporate governance in PJSC Aeroflot is not fully implemented and needs to be improved. It can be assumed that precisely because of this, the risk management system of PJSC Aeroflot could not cope with the development of anti-crisis measures in a timely manner. The authors recommend considering pessimistic and optimistic scenarios in detail when drawing up budgets, planning a budget system for each of them, developing measures to reduce risks, and responding quickly to emerging threats. It has been established that the use of a scenario approach in budgeting and corporate governance practices will allow PJSC Aeroflot to consider all possible situations, including unlikely ones, to inform representatives of the Board of Directors about all possible risks in a timely manner, and to develop measures to minimize risk.

References:

1. Alenina E.E., Zyulina V.V., Redin D.V. Priority directions of formation of organizational structures of innovative development of high-tech industries. In the collection: Innovations in business creation and management. Materials of the VIII International Scientific Conference of teachers, staff and Graduate students. 2016. pp. 3-8. (In Russ.).

2. Alenina E.E., Zyulina V.V. Sectoral problems of management of the development of modern Russian engineering. In the collection: Materials of the Scientific and practical conference with international participation «Management in the field of science, education and technological development». 2016. pp. 134-140. (In Russ.).

3. Golovanova N.B., Gorin D.S. Methodological approach to assessing the technological state of a machine-building enterprise to increase the validity of management decisions //Management of economic systems: an electronic scientific journal. 2012;4 (40):70. (In Russ.).

4. Golovanova N.B., Gorina T.V. Comparative characteristics of the main approaches to enterprise resource management //Management of economic systems: an electronic scientific journal. 2014;12 (72):83. (In Russ.).

5. Gorin D.S. The growth of the technological gap as a trend in the development of the machine-building industry //Economics and entrepreneurship. 2014;11-4 (52): 503-505. (In Russ.).

6. Gorin D.S. Assessment of the industry significance of machine-building enterprises based on the analysis of fixed assets //Economics and entrepreneurship. 2013;12-4(41):319-322. (In Russ.).

7. Gorin D.S. Organizational and methodological aspects of crisis management at machine-building enterprises //Economics and entrepreneurship. 2012;1(24):282-285. (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.33917/mic-1.102.2022.91-97

World leaders left Rome and Glasgow without making increased commitments to reduce harmful emissions. Without this, scientists are predicting a climate catastrophe for the planet and humanity in this century. At the Rome summit, it was decided only to reduce coal production in the world after 2030. The success of the Glasgow Summit: promises to stop deforestation after 2030 and reduce methane emissions by 30% by 2030. At the beginning of January 2022, at the initiative of France, the EU President, in 2022, the issue of recognizing nuclear power plants as environmentally friendly (neutral) generation will be considered. In Russia in 2021, the share of nuclear power plants and hydroelectric power plants in the production of environmentally friendly electricity exceeds 40%, and taking into account low-carbon thermal power plants on gas – more than 80%. The main problem of wind and solar power plants is the need for expensive accumulation of electricity due to the unreliability of the weather, which has been deteriorating in recent years, windlessness in Northern Europe and frosts in 2021 in the world. These issues were also discussed in Glasgow.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-1.102.2022.98-104

The article examines the economic benefit from the introduction of information technologies in the oil and gas industry using the example of PJSC Gazpromneft. The advantages of the development of the oil and gas sector through the implementation of IT solutions are considered, and the economic effect of the introduction of information technologies is assessed. The forecast for the implementation of information technologies up to 2030 and up to 2050 has been fulfilled.