DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.116.2024.81-89

The relevance of the research is due to the need to transition public administration and the process of providing public functions and services to a client-centered model based on ensuring effective interaction between the state, society and business. The experience of implementing a client-centric approach in a number of regions of Russia is analyzed and the authors came to the conclusion that despite the existing standards and requirements for the implementation of a client-centric approach in state and municipal management, the regions independently determine actions to implement these requirements. Recommendations aimed at rethinking public administration and improving its effectiveness are proposed.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-1.114.2024.87-93

The scientific article presents the advanced experience of leading foreign countries to activate innovation. It was established that mainly organizations for the development of innovation use direct and indirect support measures. The principles of activation and support of innovative activities in foreign countries are shown, the main tools for state stimulation and activation of innovation in foreign countries have been identified.

References:

1. Schneegans S., Straza T., Lewis J. UNESCO Science Report: the Race Against Time for Smarter Development. UNESCO Publishing: Paris, 2021. 758 p.

2. Kiselev V.N., Yakovleva M.V. Innovation vouchers – a new tool for supporting innovation activities. Innovations. 2012;4(162):38-42. (In Russ.).

3. Gretchenko A.A. International experience of state funds to support the intensification of scientific and innovative activities. Economics. Taxes. Right. 2007;1:15-26. (In Russ.).

4. Andryushchenko O.G., Zhang Yu. Foreign experience of state regulation and support of small innovative business enterprises. Current issues of social and economic development of the modern state. Collection of scientific articles based on the materials of the scientific and practical conference. South Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), 2014. pp. 45-51. (In Russ.).

5. Shmeleva L.A. Tools for supporting innovative activities of industrial enterprises in modern Russia. Management of economic systems: electronic scientific journal. 2014;12(72):33. (In Russ.).

6. Makasheva N.P. State support and financing of innovative activities in Russia and countries of the world. Bulletin of Tomsk State University. Economy. 2013;3 (23):161-172. (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.33917/mic-5.112.2023.109-113

The scientific article summarizes the main provisions concerning the status of social entrepreneurship, including criteria for the number of employees, the wage fund, and the category of working citizens. The main measures of state support are classified using the example of the Republic of Tatarstan, including financial measures, consulting, and leasing.

References: 

1. Federal Law «On the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the Russian Federation» dated July 24, 2007 N 209-FZ. URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_52144/?ysclid=lnivwtgphd925897838
2. Zhokhova V.V. Social entrepreneurship: essence and concept. News of the Far Eastern Federal University. Economics and Management. 2015;1:85-98. (In Russ.).
3. Zhukovskaya I.V. Specifics of researching the service market using the example of the Republic of Tatarstan. Microeconomics. 2020;5:93-98. (In Russ.).
4. Pyatanova V.I. Social responsibility of business and value creation. Microeconomics. 2022;3:57-62. (In Russ.).
5. Ragimkhanov A.V. Systematization of scientific approaches to the study of competitiveness of services: from theory to practice. / A.V. Ragimkhanov, I.V. Zhukovskaya. Microeconomics. 2022;1:75-78. (In Russ.).
6. Tolmachev Yu.M. The role and place of social entrepreneurship in the digital economy of the Russian Federation. Economic Sciences. 2023;5 (222):363-370. (In Russ.).
7. Website of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Republic of Tatarstan. URL: https://mert.tatarstan.ru

DOI: 10.33917/mic-5.112.2023.94-108

The author’s point of view on the procedure for designing an industrial cluster as an organizational and economic system that differs from an ordinary production enterprise in its goals, the nature of cooperation between participants and interaction technologies is proposed. Disclosed are the possibilities of using modern digital methods and models when performing various design stages.

References: 

1. Russian Statistical Yearbook: Stat. Yearbook / Goskomstat of Russia. Moscow.1998. 813 p.
2. Science, Innovation and Technology [Electronic Resource]. URL: https://rosstat.gov.ru/statistics/science
3. Industrial Cluster [Electronic Resource]. URL: https://www.naukograd-fryazino.ru/promklaster-programm
4. Site of the Association of Clusters, Technoparks and SEZ of Russia [Electronic Resource]. URL: https://akitrf.ru/news/v-rossii-sozdaetsya-pervyy-mezhregionalnyy-khimicheskiy-promyshlennyy-klaster/
5. Petrochemical territorial cluster of the Republic of Bashkortostan [Electronic resource]. URL: https://map.cluster.hse.ru/cluster/67
6. Concept of technological development for the period up to 2030. – App. by order of the Government of the Russian Federation of 20.05.2023 No. 1315-r. Access from the ConsultantPlus legal reference system.
7. Goldratt E.M. Goal: Continuous Improvement Process. Moscow. Potpurri, 2020. 400 p.
8. Goldratt E.M. Critical Chain. Moscow. Sberbank. 2012. 269 p.
10. Detmer W. Goldratt’s Theory of Limitations: A Systematic Approach to Continuous Improvement. Moscow. Alpina Publisher. 2013. 443 p.
11. Vikhrova A.S., Bobryshev A.D., Burlakov V.V. Industrial engineering in the organization of production activities of enterprises of the military-industrial complex. Monograph. Moscow. SOLON-Press. 2023. 192 p. (In Russ.).
12. Message of the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly from 01.12.2016 [Electronic Resource]. URL: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_207978/
13. Cowan O., Fedurko E. Fundamentals of Constraint Theory. Tallinn: tocExpert, 2017. 354 p.
14. TOC [Electronic Resource]. URL: https://www.toc-goldratt.com/en/product/Harmony-SandT-Software
15. Drum Buffer Rope (DBR) Summary. URL: https://www.velocityschedulingsystem.com/blog/drum-buffer-rope/
16. Chekadanova M.V. Development of theoretical approaches to building business models of sectoral-territorial innovation clusters. Business. Education. Law. 2018;3 (44):193-203. (In Russ).
17. Technology and Innovation Support Center [Electronic Resource]. URL: https://istoksez.ru/cpti/
18. Requirements for industrial clusters and specialized organizations of industrial clusters in order to apply incentives to them in the field of industry. – App. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 31.07.2015 No. 779 (as amended from 22.12.2022). Access from the ConsultantPlus legal reference system.
19. Reference materials on the creation of an industrial cluster. Letter of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia No 7979/02 dated 12.02.2016. Access from the ConsultantPlus legal reference system.
20. Smorodinskaya N.V. Katukov D.D. When and why regional clusters become the basic link of the modern economy. Baltic region. 2019;11(3):61-91. (In Russ.).
21. Tax and customs payments [Electronic Resource]. URL: https://istoksez.ru/advantages/

DOI: 10.33917/mic-4.111.2023.82-93

Examines the state of the healthcare system in the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation based on the analysis of the level of provision of the population with healthcare facilities and personnel, judging by such specific indicators of annual state statistical reporting as the number of doctors of all specialties and secondary medical personnel, the burden on healthcare workers, the number of secondary medical personnel per doctor, the population per one a hospital bed, the capacity of outpatient clinics, the morbidity of the population with a diagnosis established for the first time in their lives. The ranking of the main classes of diseases according to the indicator characterizing the number of cases was also carried out. The dynamics of changes in these specific indicators from 2005 to 2021 is given, which allowed us to identify trends towards an increase or decrease in the quantitative values of the indicators under consideration.

References: 

1. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 20, 2023 No. 1315-r “On approval of the Concept of technological development for the period up to 2030”. URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_447895/

2. Global Innovation Index 2022

3. Rating of regions by scientific and technological development – the results of 2021. URL: https://riarating.ru/infografika/20221024/630231634.html

4. Human development index in Russia: regional differences. URL: https://ac.gov.ru/uploads/2-Publications/analitika/2022/_2021_long.pdf

5. Most educated countries in 2023. URL: https://translated.turbopages.org/proxy_u/en-ru.ru.822d3c45-64ae8608-e9b7ec27-74722d776562/https/worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-educated-countries

6. Information and analytical materials based on the results of monitoring the activities of educational institutions of higher education. URL: https://monitoring.miccedu.ru/?m=vpo&year=2021

7. In 2022, the size of the market for additional professional education in Russia decreased by 3.8%: from 824 to 793 million acad. hours. URL: https://businesstat.ru/news/additional_professional_education/

8. Demographics. URL: https://rosstat.gov.ru/folder/12781

9. Life expectancy in Russia rose to a record high after a two-year decline. URL: https://www.rbc.ru/economics/26/03/2023/641f04989a7947c736e37524

10. On the results of the work of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation in 2022 and tasks for 2023. URL: http://medinvestclub.ru/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/About-results-of-work.pdf

11. The main directions of the budget, tax and customs tariff policy for 2023 and for the planning period of 2024 and 2025. URL: https://minfin.gov.ru/common/upload/library/2022/10/main/Osn_2023-2025.pdf

DOI: 10.33917/mic-4.111.2023.73-81

Considers the sustainable development of human capital as the basis for scientific and technological transformations of the Russian economy. The importance of considering this problem is due to the fact that innovative development, ensuring the technological security of the state, directly depends on the people who are called upon to solve this problem, on the level of human capital, the bearer of which they are. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between innovation activity and the level of human capital, to study the state of the main components of human capital, to identify problems and possible solutions. In the course of the study, general theoretical methods were used: analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction. The analysis showed that the global leaders in the field of innovation also occupy strong positions in terms of the level of human capital, and this trend is also typical for Russian regions. The study indicated the presence of a number of problems in the development of the main components of human capital, which, to a certain extent, is due to a decrease in federal budget spending on the main areas directly related to the development of human capital. A possible solution to the identified problems is proposed through the development and adoption of a comprehensive state program for the formation and development of human capital.

References: 

1. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 20, 2023 No. 1315-r “On approval of the Concept of technological development for the period up to 2030”. URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_447895/

2. Global Innovation Index 2022

3. Rating of regions by scientific and technological development – the results of 2021. URL: https://riarating.ru/infografika/20221024/630231634.html

4. Human development index in Russia: regional differences. URL: https://ac.gov.ru/uploads/2-Publications/analitika/2022/_2021_long.pdf

5. Most educated countries in 2023. URL: https://translated.turbopages.org/proxy_u/en-ru.ru.822d3c45-64ae8608-e9b7ec27-74722d776562/https/worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-educated-countries

6. Information and analytical materials based on the results of monitoring the activities of educational institutions of higher education. URL: https://monitoring.miccedu.ru/?m=vpo&year=2021

7. In 2022, the size of the market for additional professional education in Russia decreased by 3.8%: from 824 to 793 million acad. hours. URL: https://businesstat.ru/news/additional_professional_education/

8. Demographics. URL: https://rosstat.gov.ru/folder/12781

9. Life expectancy in Russia rose to a record high after a two-year decline. URL: https://www.rbc.ru/economics/26/03/2023/641f04989a7947c736e37524

10. On the results of the work of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation in 2022 and tasks for 2023. URL: http://medinvestclub.ru/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/About-results-of-work.pdf

11. The main directions of the budget, tax and customs tariff policy for 2023 and for the planning period of 2024 and 2025. URL: https://minfin.gov.ru/common/upload/library/2022/10/main/Osn_2023-2025.pdf

DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.110.2023.72-79

The scientific article proposes an algorithm for determining the total tourism potential on the example of the most promising areas for the development of domestic tourism on the example of the Republic of Tatarstan: youth tourism; cultural and educational tourism; sports tourism; cruise tourism; ecological tourism; business tourism.

References:

1. Zhukovskaya I.V. Segmentation of the service market: problems, solutions // Microeconomics. 2021;2:32-37. (In Russ.).

2. Regions of Russia. Socio-economic indicators. 2021. Rosstat. URL: http://rosstat.gov.ru

3. Ragimkhanov A.V. Systematization of scientific approaches to the study of the competitiveness of services: from theory to practice / A.V. Ragimkhanov, I.V. Zhukovskaya // Microeconomics. 2022;1:75-78/ (In Russ.).

4. Statistical collection. Information-analytical materials. Methodology. Rosstat. URL: http://rosstat.gov.ru

DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.110.2023.59-71

The article is devoted to creating new and improving existing infrastructure in the territories of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, ensuring the year-round operation of the Northern Sea Route as a promising international main waterway. The authors analyze the liquefied natural gas production plants, ports, and railways under construction on the coast of the seas of the Arctic Ocean as these objects create opportunities for increasing the volume of maritime transport and icebreakers, as well as the speed of goods delivery to the countries of the Southeast Asia and the Pacific basin. In addition, the facilities optimizing energy supply are studied as key impacts that improve the conditions and quality of life of the population in this area. The authors analyze the fundamental documents for the development of the Arctic zone, approved by the President and the Government of the Russian Federation. The article highlights dynamics of the population, average per capita cash income from 2005 to 2021 as the main factor contributing to the population stability and the main indicators from the annual state statistical reporting, that characterize the changes in the level of atmosphere and surface water pollution and determine the level of environmental safety of the Arctic zone territories of the Russian Federation.

References:

1. On the Fundamentals of the State Policy of the Russian Federation in the Arctic for the period up to 2035: Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 5, 2020. No. 164. URL: https://www.garant.ru/products/ipo/prime/doc/73606526/?ysclid=leipxu0360530940135

2. On the strategy for the development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation and ensuring national security until 2035: Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of October 26, 2020. No. 645. URL:  https://base.garant.ru/74810556/?ysclid=leiptmnf9732603907

3. On the land territories of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation: Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 2, 2014. No. 296 Retrieved from: https://www.garant.ru/products/ipo/prime/doc/70547984/?ysclid=leipqod76a520696147

4. On approval of the plan for the development of the Northern Sea Route for the period up to 2035: Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 1, 2022. No. 2115-r. URL:  https://www.garant.ru/products/ipo/prime/doc/405010751/?ysclid=ldj6si8gbn565996760

5. On the peculiarities of providing citizens with land plots that are in state or municipal ownership and located in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation and in other territories of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the Russian Federation, and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation: Federal Law of 05/01/2016. No. 119-FZ. URL:  https://base.garant.ru/71388648/?ysclid=leiq5wwuqg271926707

6. On production and consumption waste: Federal Law No. 89-FZ of June 24, 1998 (as amended on December 19, 2022. URL: https://base.garant.ru/12112084/?ysclid=leiq4enzyz155209384

DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.110.2023.50-58

The problem of stratification of societies and the population in them according to the criterion of specific production of national capital (NPC) and capital (PCC) of subjects of the Russian Federation is discussed in comparison with stratification by specific GDP. The integral interpretation of capital as the sum of physical, human and social components means: scientifically substantiated stratification of both the countries of the world and their population is based not on indicators of the standard of living, but on indicators of the quality of life; not from GDP, but from PNK or a dimensionless analogue of PNK – the quality of life index I. Stratification by GDP is another suggestion in science.

References:

1. Ponomarev V. Avant-garde stratification of nations // Economic strategies. 2022;3:16-25. (In Russ.).

2. Golubev V.S. Harmony will save the world. M., LENAND, 2017. 296 p.

3. Bushuev V.V., Golubev V.S., Orlov I.B. Introduction to the system theory of capital. M.: Lenand, 2013. 176 p.

4. Bushuev V.V., Golubev V.S., Tarko A.M. Structural energy as a development potential. World and Russia. M., LENAND, 2014. 157 p.

5. Golubev V.S. Scientific basis of energy strategies // Economic strategies 2022;3:38-53. (In Russ.).

6. Bushuev V.V., Golubev V.S. Man and time in the evolving world. M., LENAND, 2014. 192 p.

7. Golubev V.S. Fundamentals of ecosociohumanism. M.: INFRA-M, 2022. 158 p.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-2.109.2023.82-92

The article explores different approaches to the term “sustainability” existing in academic literature and used in practice. It describes three methods – two well-known ones and another one developed by the authors – used for quantitative assessment of the degree of economic and financial sustainability in regions. The regions include four Russian federal subjects in the Russian Arctic and three macroregions that include the aforesaid regions. The indicators used for the assessment are grouped by the following aspects: relevance to national projects, type of assessment scale, internal or external economic factors, and income or spending in a consolidated regional budget. The article explores and draws a distinction between the influence of external factors – indicators of the demographic and natural environments – on the economic sustainability of an area.  A comparative analysis is done for three Russian macroregions and four Arctic regions by degree of economic and financial sustainability. The regions and macroregions are ranked based on the results of the comparative analysis using the selected indicators. The ranking helps identify potential strategic vectors and their succession as well as criteria for improvement of economic sustainability in the Russian Arctic.

References:

1. Babkin N., Bespalova S., Senetskaya L., Skotarenko O. Tools for digitalization of economic processes for supporting management decision-making in the Arctic region // IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2019. Volume 302 Issue 1. 6 August. No 012147.

2. Bykovskaia E., Maiurova A., Kustikova M., Timofeeva I., Tyurikova E.  Assessment of the environmental risks in the development of fossil fuels deposits in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation // IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. Volume 723. Issue 5. 12 April 2021.

3. Bulletin of current trends in Russian economy, Retrieved, 2020. URL: https://e-cis.info/upload/iblock/520/520a5eee087274f9007f341e5865b0b3.pdf

4. Kozin M., Plotnikov V., Skotarenko O. Assessment of challenges, threats, and prospects in development of cities and towns in the Arctic zone // IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. Volume 302 Issue 1. 6 August No 012103.

5. Concept of Sustainable Development in Countries United Nation Conference on Environment and Development, 1993.  New York. Vol. 1-3. URL: https://www.un.org/ru/conferences/environment

6. Towards a Global Pact for the Environment of 10 May 2018: Resolution A / 72 / L.51. URL: https://undocs.org/en/A/RES/72/277

7. National Projects: expectations, results, and prospects. 28.07.2020 Ekspert RA Rating Agency. URL: https://raexpert.ru/researches/national_project_2020/

8. On national development goals in the Russian Federation until 2030:  Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 21 June 2020 No 474. URL: https://www.garant.ru/products/ipo/prime/doc/74304210/

9. On Land Territories in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation: Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 2 May 2016 No. 296 // Collected Laws of the RF 05.05.2014 No18 Part I Art. 2136.