DOI: 10.33917/mic-4.117.2024.18-26

The author defines a development institution in relation to domestic realities, and also provides a brief overview of the world experience in the functioning of development institutions. The author points out that until recently, Russian development institutions demonstrated a low degree of efficiency, which necessitated reforms in the area under consideration. However, the reforms did not fully solve the assigned tasks, since the foreign policy situation changed dramatically. It is concluded that the basis for low efficiency is insufficient attention to the relationship between the concepts of «institute» and «institution». The author offers a list of activities that are key to improving the situation in the field of development institutions.

References:

1. Kostin K.B., Khomchenko E.A., Burmistrov A.N., Melikova E.F. Foreign direct investment and transnational corporations as potential factors of economic growth of states. Economic relations. 2021;11(4):633–664.

2. GE Global Innovation Barometer 2018. URL: https://www.ge.com/sites/default/files/GE_Global_Innovation_Barometer_2018-Summary_Report.pdf

3. Mapping 500+ Development Banks Qualification criteria, stylized facts and development trends. URL: https://financeincommon.org/sites/default/files/2021-10/mapping-development-banks.pdf

4. SWFI Total Asset Ratings. URL: https://www.swfinstitute.org/fund-rankings/development-bank

5. Kuzenkova V.M. Concepts of development institutions: a retrospective analysis. Bulletin of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics. 2020;17(1 (109)):40.

6. Monastyrsky E.A., Saklakov V.M. Classification of development institutions. Innovations. 2013;9 (179):65.

7. Sokolov A. Development institutions have failed innovations. Vedomosti, 02.03.2021. URL: https://www.vedomosti.ru/economics/articles/2021/03/01/859742-instituti-razvitiya

8. Botoroeva E. The effectiveness of development institutions will be assessed by 10 indicators. URL: https://www.pnp.ru/economics/effektivnost-institutov-razvitiya-ocenyat-po-10-pokazatelyam.html

9. Skolkovo approved a new KPI system and indicators for 2024–2026. URL: https://ria.ru/20231225/skolkovo-1917898633.html

10. Petrov A.N., Varlamov K.V., Komarov A.V., Matveev D.A. Efficiency of development institutions. Shift in the paradigm of development institutions in the medium term. Economics of Science. 2017;3(4):234.

11. Putin called for support for development institutions that fell under sanctions. URL: https://360tv.ru/news/vlast/putin-prizval-podderzhat-instituty-razvitija-popavshie-pod-sanktsii/

12. Inshakov O.V. Institution and institution: problems of categorical differentiation and integration. Economic science of modern Russia. 2010;3(50):26–38.

13. Deming W. Edwards, Out of the Crisis, The MIT Press, 1994. 524 p.

14. Towards harmonized management and measurement of impact: The experience of development finance institutions. URL: https://one.oecd.org/document/DCD(2021)30/en/pdf

15. OECD-UNDP Impact Standards for Financing Sustainable DEVELOPMENT OECD, UNDP 2021.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-4.117.2024.5-17

In the United States and China, in conditions of preparing for a major war, there is an intensive restructuring of not only the armed forces, but also the industry that provides military needs. The key trend is the development and implementation of civil-military merger strategies. The Russian experience in conducting Special Military Operation, including an analysis of NATO’s problems with providing equipment and weapons to Russia’s real and potential military opponents and countering these processes by the Russian defence industry, has actualized the problem of developing a new approach to organizational and strategic engineering in the Russian defence and civil industries and scientific-technical sector.

References:

1. Ageev A.I., Loginov E.L. Russia in the new economic reality. Moscow, INES, 2016. 460 p.

2. Ageev A.I. Dynamics and structure of global risks. Civil defense strategy: problems and research. 2013;3(2(5)):7–8.

3. Ageev A.I., Bakhtizin A.R., Makarov V.L., Loginov E.L., Khabriev B.R. Economic Foundation of Victory: a Strategic Forecast for the Russian Economy Stability in the Face of Sanctions. Economic strategies. 2023;25(3(189)):6–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-3.189.2023.6-15

4. Ivanov S. US military innovation. Infrastructure and projects. Mirtesen, 2021, September 15. URL:  https://s30116489994.mirtesen.ru/blog/43322544035/Voennyie-innovatsii-SSHA-Infrastruktura-i-proektyi

5. Kokoshin A.A. Military reform in China in 2015–2020: defense and foreign policy aspects. Moscow, ISPI RAN, 2016. pp. 39.

6. Ageev A.I., Kapustyan S.G., Korobkin V.V. State and forecast expectations for the development of the global robotics market. Artificial Intelligence. Theory and Practice. 2023;3(3):50–58.

7. Grabchak E.P., Loginov E.L., Chinaliev V.U., Epishkin I.I. Management of the development of complex scientific and technical complexes based on intelligent digital platforms (implementation of the competencies of the USSR State Committee for Science and Technology in the digital economy). Moscow, Institute of Economic Strategies, 2023. 504 p.

8. Ageev A.I., Loginov E.L., Efremov D.N. The State committee for Scientific-Technical Policy: center of network concentration of Scientific-Technical Ties in Key Knowledge Areas for Integrated management in the Science and engineering field. Economic strategies. 2014;16(8(124)):12–21.

9. Grabchak E.P., Loginov E.L. Management of research, power engineering and electric power companies as elements of an integrated industrial technological complex: Instrument making in the 21st century – 2020. Integration of science, education and production: Sat. materials of the XVI All-Russian Scientific and Technical Conference. Izhevsk: Izhevsk State Technical University named after M.T. Kalashnikov, 2020. pp. 16–21.

10. Grabchak E.P., Loginov E.L. Formation of an integrated information environment for digital support of life cycle management processes of scientific and technical research and development in the Russian electric power industry: Modern information technologies. Theory and practice: Materials of the V All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference. Cherepovets: Cherepovets State University, 2020. pp. 32–35.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.116.2024.5-14

The recent campaign to seize large enterprises from private property based on appeals from the General Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation to the courts is causing a mixed reaction in the public consciousness. On the one hand, the people have long been yearning for a review of the results of privatization – unfair, unreasonable and criminal. On the other hand, the statute of limitations for challenging acts of privatization of state property in the 1990s. has long expired, and their abolition looks like an arbitrariness of law enforcement agencies, grossly trampling on basic property rights, which are considered the basis of the current economic structure. Let’s try to figure out if this is so.

References:

1. Civil Code of the Russian Federation dated November 30, 1994 No. 51-FZ (as amended on March 11, 2024). URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_5142/

2. Analysis of the processes of privatization of state property in the Russian Federation for the period 1993-2003. Report of the Accounts Chamber. M.: Olita Publishing House, 2004.

3. Kleiner G.B. Managing corporate enterprises in transition economies. Economic issues. 1999;8:64 (In Russ.).

4. Kleiner G.B. Enterprise strategy. M.: «Delo» ANKh Moscow. 2008. 528 p.

5. Ouchi U. Methods of organizing production. Japanese and American approaches (brief translation from English). M.: Economics. 1984.

6. Glazyev S. Chinese economic miracle. Lessons for Russia and the world. M.: Iz-vo «Ves Mir», 2023. 406 p.

7. Kleiner G.B., Khabibullin R.I., Dementyev V.E. and others. Collective forms of management in modern economics. M.: Publishing House «Scientific Library», 2017.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-2.115.2024.5-22

The scientific article presents the advanced experience of leading foreign countries to activate innovation. It was established that mainly organizations for the development of innovation use direct and indirect support measures. The principles of activation and support of innovative activities in foreign countries are shown, the main tools for state stimulation and activation of innovation in foreign countries have been identified.

References:

1. Order of the President of the Russian Federation dated March 30, 2002 No. Pr-576 «Fundamentals of the policy of the Russian Federation in the field of development of science and technology for the period until 2010 and beyond». URL: www.consultant.ru

2. «The main directions of the policy of the Russian Federation in the field of development of the innovation system for the period until 2010» (approved by the Government of the Russian Federation on 05.08.2005 No. 2473p-P7). URL: www.consultant.ru

3. Strategy for the development of science and innovation in the Russian Federation for the period until 2015 (approved by the Interdepartmental Commission on Scientific and Innovation Policy (protocol dated February 15, 2006 No. 1). URL: www.consultant.ru

4. Order of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 4, 2023 No. 1789-r «On approval of a comprehensive scientific and technical program of a full innovation cycle “New composite materials: design and production technologies”». URL: www.consultant.ru

5. Kalinov V.V. Formation of the conceptual foundations of the innovation policy of the Russian Federation. Bulletin of Tomsk State University.2011;4(16):16-43. (In Russ.).

6. Bondarenko N.E. Innovative development of the Russian economy: retrospective analysis and prospects. International scientific journal “INNOVATIVE SCIENCE”. 2015;11:32-38. (In Russ.).

7. Ustinova L.N., Ustinov A.E. Modern problems of innovative development of an enterprise Russian entrepreneurship. 2018;19(2):432-444. (In Russ.).

8. Lavrinenko A.R. Diagnostics and directions of development of the innovative potential of scientific and technical entrepreneurship. Bulletin of Polotsk State University. Series D. Economic and legal sciences. 2022;12:35-42. (In Russ.).

9.Suglobov A.E. The essence of innovative activity of economic entities in modern conditions of economic development. Bulletin of the Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2013;8:194-199. (In Russ.).

10. Kozhitov L.V., Zaporotskova I.V., Kozlov V.V. Promising carbon-based materials. Bulletin of VolSU. 2009-2010;10(4):63-84. (In Russ.).

11. Kolobkov A.S. Development of technologies for producing carbon fibers (review). PROCEEDINGS OF VIAM / TRUDY VIAM. 2022; 8 (114):123-131. (In Russ.).

12. Khasanova G.B. Principles of «Green engineering» – a promising way to solve the problem of environmental pollution with polymersю Bulletin of the Kazan Technological University. 2013;22. (In Russ.).

13. Rogov V.A., Shkarupa M.I., Velis A.K. Classification of composite materials and their role in modern mechanical engineering. Vestnik RUDN. Series: Engineering Research. 2012;2:41-49. (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.33917/mic-1.114.2024.11-24

The paper examines the possible connection between technological and spiritual development, that is, in fact, between economic and non-economic factors of development. The purpose of the study is to identify the possibilities of the modern theory of technological development to explain the effect of the lag in technology development, taking into account the factor of spiritual development, and also to consider the mutual influence of the two types of development. The research methodology consists of the theory of technological structures, approaches to the analysis of technological choice, as well as the method of comparative analysis. The overall result is the conclusion that it is not possible to explain the decline in the level of spiritual development by an increase in the level of technological development. A diagram of the long-term institutional development cycle is obtained – the circulation of institutional forms of life organization based on the assessment of non-economic factors according to the ancient Chinese philosopher Sima Qiang. It reflects a change in preferences in agency relationships regardless of technological development and shows the determination of other factors of spiritual development. The given examples, in particular, of Nazi, pre-Nazi and post-Nazi Germany, also serve as an argument that the reverse determination of technological and spiritual development is not fair. The position has been put forward that both types of development still determine one another, that is, they show a positive relationship, and possible regression occurrences may have a nature unrelated to the sources of technology development. A general conclusion has been reached that the studies allegedly revealing the paradox of the lag associated with the difference in the time of the spiritual crisis for different countries are untenable due to many errors in the interpretation and schematic representation of technological and spiritual evolution identified in the study. A “pseudo-paradox” arises, and the real problem of the lag comes down to the fixation and emerging dependence at the level of technology and institutional-organizational structures, which does not allow overcoming this lag.

References:

1. Kleiner G.B. Economy. Modeling. Mathematics. Selected works. M.: CEMI RAS, 2016. 856 p.

2. Lvov D.S., Glazyev S.Yu. Theoretical and applied aspects of scientific and technological progress management. Economics and mathematical methods. 1986;5:793–804. (In Russ.).

3. Perez K. Technological revolutions and financial capital. Dynamics of bubbles and periods of prosperity. M.: Delo, 2011. 232 p.

4. Skobelev D.O. Mathematical model for determining the best available technologies. Competence. 2019;9–10:64–67. (In Russ.).

5. Sukharev O.S. Economics of industry, technology and intellectual firms. M.: Lenand, 2022. 304 p.

6. Sukharev O.S. Technological sovereignty: solutions at the macroeconomic and sectoral level. Microeconomics. 2023;2:19–33 (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.33917/mic-1.114.2024.5-10

The article discusses the problems of studying the structural and functional variability of the work of a digital “twin” of an organizational agent in resource supply systems from the point of view of reliability and safety indicators when implementing complex special projects. It is proposed to integrate means of detection and generation of signals characterizing the technical condition of infrastructure facilities of the super resource supply system by online processing (analysis and interpretation) of technical, organizational and economic information using supercomputer technologies with the development of applied measures for configuring the correct operation of elements (agents).

References:

1. Ageev A.I., Averyanov M.A., Evtushenko S.N., Kochetova E.Yu., Sivakov R.L. Digital transformation of national security in the context of global hybrid threats. Economic strategies. 2021;23(4 (178)):60-69. (In Russ.).

2. Ageev A.I., Bakhtizin A.R., Makarov V.L., Loginov E.L., Khabriev B.R. The economic foundation of victory: a strategic forecast of the stability of the Russian economy in the conditions of sanctions attacks. Economic strategies. 2023;25(3 (189)):6-15. (In Russ.).

3. Ageev A.I., Grabchak E.P., Loginov E.L. The use of artificial intelligence in the implementation of command of troops and control of civilian objects as a single hybrid battlefield. Neurocomputers and their application. Abstracts of reports of the XX All-Russian Scientific Conference. M.: MGPPU, 2022. pp. 31-33. (In Russ.).

4. Ageev A.I., Grabchak E.P., Loginov E.L., Chinaliev V.U. Digital platform for managing scientific and technological development in the space of economic cooperation. Economic strategies. 2023;25(1(187)):56-69. (In Russ.).

5. Ageev A.I., Loginov E.L. World community in conditions of supercritical bifurcation. Management of complex organizational and technical systems in conditions of supercritical situations. Materials of the international scientific and practical conference. M.: INES, 2022. pp. 9-12. (In Russ.).

6. Ageev A.I., Loginov E.L. New big war: chronicles of a well-forgotten future. Economic strategies. 2014;16(6-7):16-33. (In Russ.).

7. Ageev A.I., Loginov E.L. Special military operation as a strategic technology for choosing the future of Russia and the world. Economic strategies. 2023;25(5 (191):6-21. (In Russ.).

8. Ageev A.I., Loginov E.L. Strategic predetermination of special military operations in the global supersystem. Economic strategies. 2023;25(4(190)):6-19. (In Russ.).

9. Ageev A.I., Loginov E.L. Strategic trends of constructed economic reality. Economic strategies. 2012;14(10(108)):6-15. (In Russ.).

10. Ageev A.I. Economic security in the context of discriminatory sanctions. Scientific session of NRNU MEPhI-2015. Abstracts of reports: in 3 volumes. resp. ed. HE. Golotyuk. M.: MEPhI, 2015. p. 164. (In Russ.).

11. Batyushkin S.A. Preparation and conduct of actions in local wars and armed conflicts. M.: Moscow; KNORUS, 2018. 438 p. (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.33917/mic-6.113.2023.5-13

The main markets under study, which continue to develop actively on mutually beneficial terms, are the markets of the countries of the European-Asian Economic Union (EAEU). Therefore, in the context of the refusal of the European Union (EU) countries from the work of European economic entities on the territory of the Russian Federation, the procurement of natural resources necessary for the needs of energy companies, the relevance of the formation of strategic goals, criteria for their achievement, the implementation of planned plans and specific ongoing activities in full, is an important task of governments in public management systems of all five countries of the union. To achieve the main strategic goal of the EAEU activity – to improve the standard of living of the population of the countries. It is necessary to ensure the joint development of three single markets: labor, goods and finance. The further successful solution of this problem is facilitated by the activities of the Single Customs Union, aimed at the almost unhindered movement of labor and goods within the borders of the Union countries. Such integration of the countries’ trade and economic activities makes it possible to significantly increase the trade turnover between the countries, attract labor resources, first of all, to the Russian Federation. However, there are also unresolved problems. For example, in order to strengthen the production and food integration of countries, it is necessary to introduce additional provisions into the mechanisms for regulating the export movement of goods. In order to carry out mutual attraction of finance in the form of investments on the territory of these countries, a single regulatory space is being created, which should include a standard.

References: 

1. Federal Law «On the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the Russian Federation» dated July 24, 2007 N 209-FZ. URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_52144/?ysclid=lnivwtgphd925897838
2. Zhokhova V.V. Social entrepreneurship: essence and concept. News of the Far Eastern Federal University. Economics and Management. 2015;1:85-98. (In Russ.).
3. Zhukovskaya I.V. Specifics of researching the service market using the example of the Republic of Tatarstan. Microeconomics. 2020;5:93-98. (In Russ.).
4. Pyatanova V.I. Social responsibility of business and value creation. Microeconomics. 2022;3:57-62. (In Russ.).
5. Ragimkhanov A.V. Systematization of scientific approaches to the study of competitiveness of services: from theory to practice. / A.V. Ragimkhanov, I.V. Zhukovskaya. Microeconomics. 2022;1:75-78. (In Russ.).
6. Tolmachev Yu.M. The role and place of social entrepreneurship in the digital economy of the Russian Federation. Economic Sciences. 2023;5 (222):363-370. (In Russ.).
7. Website of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Republic of Tatarstan. URL: https://mert.tatarstan.ru

DOI: 10.33917/mic-5.112.2023.16-22

The article examines the regional structure of investment in the development of renewable sources of electricity and the impact of the global energy crisis on its volume. Forecasts are made for the development of renewable energy based on the current state and the impact of the global energy crisis on the plans drawn up by the world community to achieve sustainable development goals. Structural changes in the global energy transition and, in particular, in the process of developing electricity generation based on renewable energy sources in the period from 2021 to 2022 are analyzed.

References: 

1. Energy Institute. Statistical Review of World Energy, 2023. URL: https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review
2. Includes data from Cedigaz. FGE MENAgas service. URL: https://data.subak.org/dataset/gas-trade-in-bcm
3. Novak A. The global energy crisis: who is to blame and what to do? //Energy policy. 2022;2(168):4-11. (In Russ.).
4. IRENA. Renewable energy statistics 2023. URL: https://www.irena.org/Publications/2023/Jul/Renewable-energy-statistics-2023
5. Miles S., Collins G., Mikulska A. US Needs LNG to Fight a Two-Front Gas War, 2022. URL: https://www.bakerinstitute.org/research/us-needs-lng-fight-two-front-gas-war-0
6. Statistical Review of World Energy 2022. BP, 2022. URL: https://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/business-sites/en/global/corporate/pdfs/energy-economics/statistical-review/bp-stats-review-2022-full-report.pdf?ysclid=ln797a4qkg508696584
7. International Renewable Energy Agency IRENA. Renewable power generation costs in 2020. – eBook Partnership, 2022. URL: https://www.irena.org/publications/2021/Jun/Renewable-Power-Costs-in-2020
8. International Renewable Energy Agency IRENA. Renewable power generation costs in 2022. URL: https://www.irena.org/Publications/2023/Aug/Renewable-Power-Generation-Costs-in-2022
9. IEA. World Energy Investment 2023. URL: https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-investment-2023
10. Berezkin M.Yu., Degtyarev K.S., Sinyugin O.A. Structural and dynamic characteristics of the investment process in the global renewable energy in the post-crisis period //Plumbing, heating, air conditioning. 2017;1:82-85.
11. Climate Policy Initiative et al. Global Landscape of Renewable Energy Finance 2023. URL: https://www.irena.org/Publications/2023/Feb/Global-landscape-of-renewable-energy-finance-2023
12. BloombergNEF. Energy Transition Investment Trends 2023. URL: https://www.bloomberg.com/professional/blog/webinar/energy-transition-investment-trends-2023/
13. REN21. Renewables 2022 Global Status Report. URL: https://www.unep.org/resources/report/renewables-2022-global-status-report

DOI: 10.33917/mic-5.112.2023.5-15

In modern conditions, the economic development of the country should be based on an innovative basis, ensuring the transition to a new technical and technological level and import substitution of high-tech products. The article considers the organizational and economic mechanism for improving the technical and technological level of production of high-quality products and proposes an algorithm for its implementation, which provides for analysis and prompt decision-making in case of rejection or failure to achieve the decisions required at the moment, measures for the creation and release of innovative products. On the basis of the proposed mechanism, it is possible to take into account the directions of the organizational-institutional and technical-technological plan, which will increase the growth rates of industrial production and GDP of the Russian Federation.

References: 

1. Federal Law No. 127-FZ of August 23, 1996 «On Science and State Scientific and Technical Policy». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_11507/
2. Federal Law No. 39-FZ of February 25, 1999 «On Investment Activities in the Russian Federation Carried Out in the Form of Capital Investments». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_22142/
3. Federal Law No. 184-FZ of December 27, 2002 «On Technical Regulation». URL: // https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_40241/
4. Federal Law No. 156-FZ of November 29, 2001 «On Investment Funds». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_34237/
5. Forecast of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 (approved By the Government of the Russian Federation on January 3, 2014). URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_157978/
6. Shepelev G.V. On the priorities of scientific and technological development. Management of science: theory and practice. 2020;2(3):16-36. (In Russ.).
7. Ostapyuk S.F., Fetisov V.P., Ostapyuk I.S. Approaches to choosing priorities in the scientific and technical sphere. Microeconomics. 2023;1:5-22.
https:doi.org/10.33917/mic-1.108.2023.5-22. (In Russ.).
8. Federal Law No. 70-FZ of April 7, 1999 «On the Status of the Science City of the Russian Federation». RL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_22630/
9. Federal Law No. 116-FZ of July 22, 2005 «On Special Economic Zones in the Russian Federation». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_54599/
10. Federal Law No. 139-FZ of July 19, 2007 «On the Russian Nanotechnology Corporation». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_69932/
11. Federal Law No. 244-FZ of September 28, 2010 «On the Skolkovo Innovation Center». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_105168/
12. Federal Law No. 216-FZ of July 29, 2017 (as amended on 12/28/2022) «On Innovative Scientific and Technological Centers and on Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_221172/
13. The Strategy of Innovative Development of the Russian Federation (approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 2227-r dated December 8, 2011). URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_123444/
14. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 204 dated May 7, 2018 «On National goals and strategic objectives of the Development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2024». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_297432/
15. The Strategy of Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation (approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 642 of December 1, 2016). URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_207967/
16. Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1172 of November 16, 2012 «On the Powers of Federal executive authorities in the field of state support of innovation activities». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_137901/
17. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 773 dated June 15, 2019 «On criteria for Classifying goods, works, services as Innovative products and (or) High-tech products» (together with «Requirements for Criteria for Classifying goods, works, services as innovative products and (or) high-tech products, as well as the procedure for their establishment»). URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_326971/
18. Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 2204 of December 22, 2020 «On Certain Issues of Implementing State Support for Innovation Activities, including through Venture and (or) Direct Financing of Innovative Projects, and Invalidation of the Act of the Government of the Russian Federation and a Separate Provision of the Act of the Government of the Russian Federation». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_372290/
19. Federal Law No. 258-FZ of July 31, 2020 «On Experimental Legal Regimes in the Field of Digital innovations in the Russian Federation». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_358738/
20. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 121 dated March 16, 2022 «On measures to ensure socio-economic stability and protection of the population in the Russian Federation». URL: http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/bank/47651
21. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 126 dated March 18, 2022 (ed. dated 11/23/2022) «On additional temporary economic measures to ensure the financial stability of the Russian Federation in the field of currency regulation». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_411944/
22. Federal Law No. 30-FZ of March 04, 2022 «On Amendments to the Federal Law “On Measures of Influence on Persons Involved in Violations of Fundamental Human Rights and Freedoms, Rights and Freedoms of Citizens of the Russian Federation”». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_139994/
23. Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 337 of March 10, 2022 «On Approval of the List of Industries in Which the Borrower Operates, Specified in Part 1 of Article 7 of the Federal Law “On Amendments to the Federal Law “On the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia)” and Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation regarding the Specifics amendments to the terms of the loan agreement, the loan agreement” and on the invalidation of certain provisions of certain acts of the Government of the Russian Federation». URL: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/document/0001202203110015?index=2
24. Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 296 dated March 06, 2022 «On Amendments to the Rules for the Selection of Organizations Included in the Sectoral Lists of System-forming Organizations of the Russian Economy». URL: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru›Document…0001202203070003
25. Federal Law No. 46-FZ of March 08, 2022 «On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation». URL: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru›Document…0001202203080001
26. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 172 dated March 31, 2022 (ed. dated 12/30/2022) «On a special procedure for the fulfillment by foreign buyers of obligations to Russian natural gas suppliers». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_413296/
27. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 254 dated May 04, 2022 «On the temporary Procedure for fulfilling financial obligations in the field of corporate relations to Certain foreign creditors». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_416361/
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DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.110.2023.24-28

A modern model of money turnover associated with the use of electronic payments and payment systems of various levels is considered. The analysis of the statistical data of the Central Bank of Russia is carried out, the indicators of the popularity of electronic payment means in the Russian Federation for 2010-2022 are compared, the historical aspect of the development of public relations related to money circulation, in which cash prevailed, is touched upon. The prerequisites for the transition of the economy to non-cash means of payment and the role of electronic money in the modern life of people are revealed. The definition of the payment system, its main components, as well as the types of payment systems depending on the level of coverage are revealed, the relationship and interdependence of the development of the national payment system and the security of the country’s money circulation and the financial independence of the state are analyzed.

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