DOI: 10.33917/mic-6.119.2024.94-103

The article examines the global trend of «reloading» national industrial strategies in the context of recent geopolitical and geoeconomic challenges. We describe the countries’ transition from priorities of economic efficiency to dominant priorities of economic security and their course towards achieving technological sovereignty (self-sufficiency) as its central component. We analyze this course in the leading world economies (EU, USA, China), as well as the risks for its successful implementation. Special attention is paid to a similar Russian course – the only alternative under the sanctions pressure. We find that in all types of economies, including Russia, achieving technological sovereignty may be a more difficult task than governments expect, and that the accumulation of inefficiencies from fragmentation of the global economy into blocs will eventually force countries to return to greater economic openness.

References:

1. Smorodinskaya N.V. Globalized economy: From hierarchies to a network order. Moscow: Institute of Economics RAS, 2015. 344 p.

2. Aiginger K., Ketels C. Industrial policy reloaded. Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade. 2024;24:7.

3. Evenett S., Jakubik A., Martín F., Ruta M. The return of industrial policy in data. The World Economy. 2024;47 (7):2762–2788.

4. Smorodinskaya N.V., Katukov D.D. Moving towards technological sovereignty: a new global trend and the Russian specifics. Baltic Region. 2024;16 (3):108–135.

5. Morgan T.C., Syropoulos C., Yotov Y.V. Economic sanctions: Evolution, consequences, and challenges. Journal of Economic Perspectives. 2023;37 (1):3–29.

6. Cha V.D. Collective resilience: Deterring China’s weaponization of economic interdependence. International Security. 2023;48 (1):91–124.

7. Tung R.L., Zander I., Fang T. The Tech Cold War, the multipolarization of the world economy, and IB research. International Business Review. 2023;32 (6):102195.

8. Aiyar S., Ilyina A., Chen J., Kangur A., Trevino J., Ebeke C., Gudmundsson T., Soderberg G., Schulze T., 
Kunaratskul T., Ruta M., Garcia-Saltos R., Rodriguez S. Geoeconomic fragmentation and the future of multilateralism. IMF Staff Discussion Notes, 2023. 42 p.

9. Stępka M. Identifying security logics in the EU policy discourse. Cham: Springer, 2022.

10.Drezner D.W. Global economic sanctions. Annual Review of Political Science. 2024;27 (1):9–24.

11.  Afontsev S.A. Theoretical dimensions of economic sovereignty. Journal of the New Economic Association. 2024; (3):218–224.

12. Goodman M.P. Policymaking is all about trade-offs. Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies. URL: https://www.cfr.org/article/policymaking-all-about-trade-offs

13. Edler J., Blind K., Kroll H., Schubert T. Technology sovereignty as an emerging frame for innovation policy: Defining rationales, ends and means. Research Policy. 2023;52 (6):104765.

14. Mazzucato M. Mission economy: A moonshot guide to changing capitalism. London: Allen Lane, 2021.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.116.2024.90-98

The paper examines the role, place and importance of the state Russian language in the political and legal mechanism of ensuring the security of the Russian Federation. Russia is mainly focused on the problem of the implementation in practice of the policy of the Russian Federation in the field of the state Russian language and the need to take effective measures to neutralize the mechanism of destruction of the Russian language.

References:

1. Anishchenko V.N. On the modern theory and methodology of the study of the country’s security problems. Bulletin of the Academy of Economic Security of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2009;4:8-12. (In Russ.).

2. Ginzburg V. Emergency of emergency scale. RBC, 2008. The final issue.

3. Dvornikov V.A. Economic security – theory and reality of threats. M.: Publishing House of the Russian Academy of Social Sciences, 2000.

4. Doronin A.I. Business intelligence. 5th ed., reprint. and additional. M.: Axis-89, 2010. 704 p.

5. The draft law on the restriction of the use of foreign words in the public sphere. URL: https://tass.ru /

6. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 07/02/2021 No. 400 «On the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation». URL: http://www.pravo.gov.ru

7. Federal Law No. 52-FZ dated February 28, 2023 «On Amendments to the Federal Law “On the State Language of the Russian Federation”». URL: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru

8. Federal Law No. 53-FZ of June 1, 2005 «On the State Language of the Russian Federation» (Collection of Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2005, No. 23, Article 2199; 2013, No. 27, Article 3477; 2014, No. 19, Article 2306).

9. Hammer L. Large Nuclear Collider. RBC, 2008. The final issue.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-2.115.2024.81-91

The article deals with the current problems of Russia’s successful advancement into the future and its gaining a leading position on the world stage. The solution to these problems is based on increasing the effectiveness of countering threats to financial security and financial sovereignty of the country through the introduction into practice of the activities of interested public authorities of the latest achievements of scientific and technological progress.

References:

1. Abalkin L.I. Russia’s strategic response to the challenges of the new century. Moscow: Exam, 2004.

2. Agapova T.N., Anishchenko E.V. On the new paradigm of the development of the world economy and its reflection in theoretical ideas about the sustainability of ensuring economic security in Russia. Problems of economics and legal practice. 2019;15(5):42–47. (In Russ.).

3. Anishchenko E.V. Russia’s security in the context of socio-economic reforms. Financial analytics. 2014;14(200). (In Russ.).

4. Dumnaya N.N. The global crisis: systemic risks of financial markets [Electronic resource]. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/mirovoy-krizis-sistemnye-riski-finansovyh-rynkov/viewer

5. Keynes J.M. The general theory of employment, interest and money. Favorites. M.: Eksmo, 2009.

6. Korsuntsev I. Virtual finance. M., 2009.

7. Kupreschenko N.P. The essence and structure of the modern shadow economy (system-conceptual analysis). Bulletin of the Academy of Tax Police. Academy of Tax Police of the Federal Tax Service of Russia. 2003. Issue 3.

8. Putin V.V. Message of the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, December 12, 2012, Moscow, Kremlin [Electronic resource]. URL: http://news.kremlin.ru/news/17118

9. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 11/17/2008 No. 1662–r (as amended on 08.08.2009) «On the Concept of long-term socio-economic development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020» (together with the «Concept of long-term socio-economic development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020»). Collection of Legislation of the Russian Federation, 11/24/2008, No. 47, Article 5489.

10. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated December 8, 2011 No. 2227–r «On the Strategy of Innovative Development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020» [Electronic resource]. URL: https://www.garant.ru/

11. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 07/02/2021 No. 400 «On the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation» [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.pravo.gov.ru

12. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 05/13/2017 No. 208 «On the Strategy of Economic Security of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030». Collection of Legislation of the Russian Federation, 05/15/2017, No. 20, Article 2902.

13. Federal Law No. 209–FZ dated July 24, 2007 «On the development of small and medium-sized Enterprises in the Russian Federation». Collection of Legislation of the Russian Federation, 30.07.2007, No. 31, Article 4006.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-6.113.2023.95-104

In the modern conditions of globalization of economic and other relations, new challenges and threats are emerging in the world. Against this background, specific threats to the financial sovereignty of Russia have become widespread, due to the economic and legal properties of modern «paper» money and their separation from the objective material basis — from the equivalent commodity, which results in the absence of a standard measure of value. This problem is very acute in not only economics and finance, but also in law, in particular, in the field of criminal law when qualifying criminal acts of an economic orientation and other areas of economic and legal relations.

References: 

1. The Constitution of the Russian Federation (adopted by popular vote on 12.12.1993 with amendments approved during the all-Russian vote on 07.01.2020). SPS «ConsultantPlus».

2. Federal Law «On the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia)» dated 07.10.2002 No. 86-FZ, art.4, p.18.2. SPS «ConsultantPlus».

3. Federal Law No. 173-FZ dated 12/10/2003 (as amended on 11.04.2014) «On Currency Regulation and Currency Control» (with amendments. and an additional introduction. effective from 01.01.2015) / Collection of legislation of the Russian Federation, 15.12.2003, N 50, art. 4859.

4. Federal Law No. 390-FZ dated December 28, 2010 «On Security». SPS «ConsultantPlus».

5. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 07.02.2021 No. 400 «On the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation». URL: http://www.pravo.gov.ru

6. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 05.13.2017 No. 208 «On the Strategy of Economic security of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030» // Official Internet portal of legal information. URL: http://www.pravo.gov.ru; NW RF. 2016. No. 1 (Part II). / http://pravo.gov.ru

7. Articles of Agreement / International Monetary Fund. URL: http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/aa/rus/index.pdf

8. Anishchenko V.N., Khabibulin A.G., Anishchenko E.V. Investigation of economic crimes. Theoretical and methodological foundations of economic and legal analysis of financial activity: Book. M.: YURAIT, 2018. (In Russ.).

9. Anishchenko E.V. Security of Russia in the context of socio-economic reforms // Financial analytics (scientific, practical and information-analytical collection). 2014, April, No.14(200). (In Russ.).

10. Anishchenko A.V. Russia in the system of global risks // Bulletin of the Academy of Economic Security of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2011;6:103-105. (In Russ.).

11. Molchanov A.V. Anishchenko V.N. et al. Financial security of the country: problems and prospects // Economic security of the financial system: Collection of scientific papers. / Ed. Honored Economist of Russia, Doctor of Economics, Professor A.V. Molchanov. M.: AEB of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 2007.

12. Rose K.B. Mechanisms and limits of US influence in the IMF: Analytical review (Series: Socio-economic problems of Western countries). Moscow: INION RAS. The Center of scientific information. research. global. and regional. problems. Otd. Zap. Europe and America. Ed. Semeko G.V., 2013. 98 p. ISBN 978-5-248-00703-5 / https://cyberleninka.ru/

DOI: 10.33917/mic-4.111.2023.94-102

Presents a theoretical overview of the domestic experience of countering threats, replete with various forms of implementation in the form of military operations, counter-terrorism and other special operations that are aimed at strengthening the national security of the country and protecting national, geopolitical, strategic and economic interests from terrorist and other unfriendly threats potential enemy states of our country. The relationship between the conduct of special operations and the introduction of emergency regimes, a state of emergency and a counter-terrorist operation on the territory of Russia is noted. A definition of the concept of «special military operation» is proposed. The role of ensuring economic security as a priority of the national security of the state and the formation of patriotic principles of educating new generations to strengthen the country are determined.

References: 

1. The Constitution of the Russian Federation: approved dated December 12, 1993 No. 343-FKZ; ed. dated 01.07.2020 No. 11-FKZ. SPS ConsultantPlus. Legislation. URL: http://www.consultant.ru/

2. On martial law: Federal constitutional law of 30.01.2002 No. 1-FKZ; ed. dated May 29, 2023. SPS ConsultantPlus. Legislation. URL: http://www.consultant.ru/

3. On the state of emergency: Federal constitutional law of May 30, 2001 No. 3-FKZ; ed. dated March 07, 2016. SPS ConsultantPlus. Legislation. URL: http://www.consultant.ru/

4. On the protection of the population and territories from natural and man-made emergencies: Federal Law of December 21, 1994 No. 68-FZ; ed. dated April 14, 2023. SPS ConsultantPlus. Legislation. URL: http://www.consultant.ru/

5. On countering terrorism: Federal Law No. 35-FZ of March 6, 2006 (as amended on May 26, 2021). SPS ConsultantPlus. Legislation. URL: http://www.consultant.ru/

6. Polyakov Yu. A. The end of Basmachism / Yu. A. Polyakov, A. I. Chugunov. M .: Nauka. 1976. 184 p. (In Russ.).

7. Gorobets K. Russian «Special Military Operation» and the Language of Empire. Opinio Juris (May 24, 2022). URL: http://opiniojuris.org/2022/05/24/russian-special-military-operation-and-the-language-of-empire

8. Kalmykova M. Study of the Influence of the War in Ukraine on the Russian Language. International Scientific Conference (March 13, 2023; Bratislava). Bratislava: Language and politics. Between linguistics and political science, 2023. URL: https://dspace.library.uvic.ca/bitstream/handle/1828/14840/Maria%20Kalmykova-JCURAposter-2023.pdf

9. Spišiaková M.  Political Euphemisms and Neologisms in Online Media Content: Amid the War in Ukraine / M. Spišiaková, N. Shumeiko. Language and politics. Between linguistics and political science: University of Economics Bratislava, 2022. pp. 372–388. URL: https://conferences.euba.sk/jazykapolitika/www_write/files/2022/spisiakova_shumeiko.pdf

10. The Daily Journal of the United States Government / Executive Order 13405 of June 16, 2006. Blocking Property of Certain Persons Undermining Democratic Processes or Institutions in Belarus. URL: https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2006/06/20/06-5592/blocking-property-of-certain-persons-undermining-democratic-processes-or-institutions-in-belarus

DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.110.2023.86-92

The article examines the general historical periods of development and transformation of the structure of public administration in the system of national protection of forestry in Russia from the XVII century to the present. The prerequisites for the formation of forest law are outlined, as well as further improvement of forest legislation, in particular, the process of development of criminal responsibility is analyzed. Modern regulatory legal acts regulating the basics of state management of the forest sector of the Russian Federation are presented. The causal relationship in the commission of criminal acts in forestry is highlighted. Based on the factors generating the growth of criminogenicity in the forest industry, the main directions of the state necessary for the prevention of crimes related to illegal logging of forest plantations were given.

References:

1. Tikhomirov M.N. The Cathedral Code of 1649 / M.N. Tikhomirov, P.P. Epifanov. Moscow: Publishing house of Moscow. un-ta, 1961. 65 p.

2. Votyakova E.S. The history of the development of Criminal legislation on crimes in the sphere of entrepreneurial activity / E. S. Votyakova // Topical issues of legal sciences: materials of the International Scientific Conference (Chelyabinsk, November 2012). Chelyabinsk: Two Komsomol Members, 2012. pp. 77-79. (In Russ.).

3. Criminal Code of 1903 on state crimes. Russian legislation of the X–XX centuries: in 9 volumes / under the general editorship of O.I. Chistyakov. Vol. IX. Moscow, 1994.

4. The Forest Code of the Russian Federation of 04.12.2006 N 200-FZ (ed. of 02.07.2021) (with amendments and additions, intro. effective from 01.09.2021). –  Access from the legal reference system Consultant-Plus. URL: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_64299

5. Kiseleva L.V. The history of the development of economic crimes in the field of construction as a growing danger of undermining the economic security of the Russian Federation / L. V. Kiseleva, K. A. Zelenkov // Bulletin of the Nizhny Novgorod Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2010;2 (13):266-268. (In Russ.).

6. Zubkova V.I. The role of criminal punishment in the prevention of crimes // Collection: Criminal correctional law: Materials of the interuniversity scientific and practical conference. Moscow, 2017;12(1):27-30. (In Russ.).

7. Kuzmichev E.P. Volumes of illegal logging of forest plantations in the Russian Federation / Kuzmichev.P., Trushinai.G., Lopatin.V. URL: http://lhi.vniilm.ru /

8. Tolpyshev G.B. Ensuring the economic security of forestry: Monograph / G.V. Tolpyshev, A.G. Svetlakov // M-vo S.-x RF, Perm State Technical University. Perm, 2020. 218 p. (In Russ.).

9. Statistical data of the FKU «GIAC of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia». URL: http://www.mvd.ru

DOI: 10.33917/mic-6.107.2022.81-90

The scientific article analyzes the definitions of the concept of «cartel conspiracy» and examines the historical features of the development of cartels in Russia. International experience is taken into account in relation to the issue of research on the example of the USA and Germany. The authors have formulated their own definition of cartel collusion as a form of association of economic entities based on a number of oral or written agreements, the participants of which, without renouncing financial, industrial and commercial independence, achieve common goals (influence on prices, determination of the course and results of bidding, division of territories or consumers) when interacting with various economic entities (cartel and non-cartel companies, suppliers and customers of goods and services, direct competitors, manufacturers of substitutes, government agencies, etc.).

References:

1. Report on the state of competition in the Russian Federation for 2021. Moscow, 2022. 471 p. URL: https://fas.gov.ru/documents/688431

2. Report on the state of competition in the Russian Federation for 2020. Moscow, 2021. 534 p. URL: https://fas.gov.ru/documents/b-n-3609af5f-7476-4122-bb77-d04c49d96ca7

3. Report on the state of competition in the Russian Federation for 2018. Moscow, 2019. 632 p. URL: https://fas.gov.ru/documents/685806

4. Report on the state of competition in the Russian Federation for 2017. Moscow, 2018. 806 p. URL: https://fas.gov.ru/documents/658027

5. Report on the state of competition in the Russian Federation for 2016. Moscow, 2017. 739 p. URL: https://fas.gov.ru/documents/596439

6. Klimenkov I.N. Cartel: a comparative analysis of the approaches of foreign countries and the Russian Federation // Bulletin of the Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2019;7:204-207. (In Russ.).

7. Lisitsyn-Svetlanov A.G., Bashlakov-Nikolaev I.V., Zavarukhin V.P. [and etc.]. Cartelization of the Russian economy: the main causes, consequences and ways to eliminate them // Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 2020;90(10):903-913. (In Russ.).

8. Kalyakina Yu.I. Cartel collusion in the era of a pandemic // Alley of Science. 2021;10 (61):419-422. (In Russ.).

9. Korneva E.D. Cartel collusion and methods of combating it // Modern trends in economics and management: a new look. 2011;12-1:23-28. (In Russ.).

10. Marshall R.C., & Marx L.M. The economics of collusion: Cartels and bidding rings, Mit Press, 2012.

11. Yusupov A.M. Factors stimulating the development of cartels in Russia // Topical issues of modern economic science: Proceedings of the XI International Scientific Conference, Astrakhan, April 21, 2021. Astrakhan: Astrakhan State University, 2021. pp. 228-232. (In Russ.).

12. Tabakaeva M.R., Chaikina K.A. Influence of cartels on the modern economy // Actual problems of aviation and cosmonautics. 2019;3:136-138. (In Russ.).

13. Lapin V.O. In search of effective methods for investigating cartel conspiracies // Society: politics, economics, law. 2022;2:78–83. (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.33917/mic-6.107.2022.76-80

Currently, the activities of microfinance institutions are widespread all over the world. The article explores the history of the emergence of microfinance organizations, originating from the Middle Ages. The current state of the microfinance market of the Russian Federation is analyzed and its participants are considered. Measures are proposed to improve the quality of services provided by microfinance organizations. The relevance of the article is explained by the need to understand the economic nature of the origin of microfinance transactions against the background of the rapid growth of their number both in Russia and abroad.  

References:

1. Zakhkin A.A. Microfinance in the financial services market: background and world experience // Banking services. 2013;2:8-14. (In Russ).

2. Ulyantseva Zh.A. Microfinance Institute in Russia: Dynamics and Directions of Development / Collection of materials of the International Scientific and Practical Forum «Modern Innovative Directions for the Development of the Activities of Insurance and Financial-Credit Organizations in the Conditions of a Transformational Economy». Kursk: CJSC «Universitetskaya kniga». 2016. pp. 148-152. (In Russ).

3. Microfinance, Bank of Russia. Official website of the Bank of Russia. URL: https://www.cbr.ru/microfinance/

DOI: 10.33917/mic-5.106.2022.110-115

This article provides a detailed analysis of the definitions of the concepts of conversations and identifies its characteristic features. The authors determined that collusion is a secret illegal agreement, which is aimed at limiting competition in order to maximize their own income. Also considered are such forms of manifestation of collusion between the customer, suppliers and competitors as “ramming”, passive participation or refusal to participate in the tender, submission of an uncompetitive proposal, vertical and horizontal collusion. The modern manifestations of collusion with the use of auction robots and measures to counter their use are disclosed. The characteristic signs of collusion between the customer and the supplier of goods that contribute to its identification are identified and presented. It also defines the role of the Federal Antimonopoly Service in countering collusion in the food market.

DOI: 110.33917/mic-2.103.2022.98-103

The article deals with the conceptual provisions of Russia’s economic security. The authors analyzed the existing approaches to the definition of the concept of «economic security». It is concluded that social, technogenic, informational and other processes directly affect the provision of economic security of the state. On the example of the situation in Russia, the main areas are identified, the impact on which with the help of economic instruments can cause significant damage to security in the context of the problems of «economic stability» at the national and regional levels. An assessment of the key threats to the economic security of the Russian Federation is given.