DOI: 10.33917/es-1.199.2025.50-57

The author examines a “geodesic” model of the country’s socio-economic space, based on analogues of the geographical concepts of parallel and meridian as structural landmarks for an object’s location in the socio-economic space. The role of parallels is played by socio-economic strata, combining trajectories of the possible movement of agents without significantly increasing their status in the economy and society. The role of meridians is performed by routes that determine the possibilities of increasing the agent’s status without significantly changing the nature and location of his professional activity. This model can be used for navigation of socio-economic agents when moving in space, as well as for identifying current directions of socio-economic policy aimed at increasing the continuity and coherence of the socio-economic space of Russia. The geodesic model of socio-economic space, based on a grid of parallels and meridians, allows scaling and application not only to country systems, but also to other hierarchical socio-economic systems, including enterprises, cities, and sectors of the economy.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-1.181.2022.72-79

The article is devoted to the analysis of the specifics of the business international expansion of large Chinese state-owned companies in the oil and gas sector: China National Oil and Gas Corporation (CNPC), China Petrochemical Corporation (SINOPEC), China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC). The article examines the strategic guidelines of the companies, the factors influencing the strategies, formats and forms of expansion, regional specifics of business internationalization, trends in the development of activities in foreign markets. The problems of specialization and business diversification of the studied companies are considered. Special attention is paid to the role of the state in the processes of international expansion of Chinese oil and gas companies.

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In conditions of the world economy turbulence and coherence and under unprecedented sanctions pressure on the Russian economy, it becomes necessary to analyze the phenomena that caused the crisis processes affecting all spheres of life. Crisis processes — reduction of the population’s incomes, migration processes, in particular in Primorsky Krai, low provision of the population with housing — require new approaches to management. The example of the Far East region show the socio-economic trends. National projects, local programs and subprogrammes represent the system of effective mechanisms and tools for improving the social situation. Recently, an improvement in the moral and psychological climate of the Vladivostok residents is noted in connection with constructing bridges across the Golden Horn Bay and to Russky Island, due to reconstruction of roads, construction of an international airport, the campus construction on Russky Island, creation of the advanced development territory “Russky Island” and the Free port of Vladivostok.