DOI: 10.33917/es-2.194.2024.54-63

The article dwells on scientific and methodological approaches to solving the problem of forming a model of a digital twin of an enterprise, the production process, products and resources at all stages of the life cycle, when all departments involved in development, production, operation, including repair work, are represented in the form of a computer network that unites the combined elements of three types: sensors (detectors), factors (actuators and devices), control and management bodies. Proposed scientific-methodological approaches and principles of a “virtual enterprise” modeling are quite universal since they permit to provide a reflection and mathematical description of the dynamics of changes in the performance of an enterprise, its divisions and transformation of properties and characteristics of high-tech products that occur during the production process.

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The paper discusses influence of psychological factors on various processes in society and taking them into account in various approaches to macroeconomics, practical economics and sociology. In evolutionary economics psychological factors are taken into account through functions of demand and production, reflecting behavioral responses of society members. The mathematical dynamic model of macroeconomics is constructed on this basis. The article considers several scenarios of the society evolution and their consequences. It is shown that both transitions of society from prosperous state to crisis and its return from crisis to the welfare are possible. The conditions for implementing these transitions are described.