DOI: 10.33917/es-5.197.2024.14-21

The most important conditions for socio-economic development of countries in the «era of globalization» are now rapidly turning into barriers. On the contrary, what was previously considered a burdensome cost to the national economy now can become a factor in generating benefits, including the economic ones. Macroeconomic targets begin to «lose» to fundamental political economic values. In such circumstances, the priority of economic policy becomes not a quantitative economic growth or nominal inflation and unemployment indicators, but a technological «leap» potential. The article problematizes the dominant paradigm of a global socio-economic development and outlines the contours of its alternative. This alternative, according to the authors, is capable to become a conceptual basis for global leadership in the 21st century.

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The article considers duality of the globalization concept — as a process based on internationalization of the reproductive chain of the world GDP creation and as a policy pursuing and realizing the goal of forming and maintaining a monopolar global community; it is argued that economic content of globalization remains important for the present stage of the world community development; the article presents the arguments proving supportive measures taken by international organizations in order to support the process of cooperation and production specialization, restoration of balanced structures of national economies; arguments are given proving the monopoly insolvency, disavowing neoliberalism as a theory justifying this process; the author substantiates the principles determining formation of a multipolar world community and meeting the current realities of the world community development.

The second lecture is devoted to the initiation and development of liberal ideas on the role of the State in a market economy. Several kinds of liberalism — from classical to neoliberalism are marked. Views of Western and Russian Liberal schools on the cooperation between government and business are compared. The ordoliberalizm school in which the necessity to combine private initiative, freedom of entrepreneurship, and the public interest in a competitive environment is justified. The German model of Social market economy that combines liberal values with active role of the State in the social sphere is recognized as basic in the European Union.