DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.33917/es-3.183.2022.38-53

The scientific basis of energy strategies is represented by the sciences of natural-humanitarian synthesis that study the “nature-man-society” system: ergodynamics, system theory of capital, the science of harmony, synthetic evolutionary ecology. Method of their construction is a deductive one: from the laws of socio-natural development to the society and an individual. National wealth, or country (national) capital, is the main indicator of the state of societies. It is considered as the structural energy (energy potential) of societies in value terms. Country capital is calculated as the sum of physical, human, social and natural capital. Natural capital includes reproducible (ecocapital) and non-reproducible (paleocapital) components. Index of the life quality of societies (changes from 0 to 1) is the arithmetic mean of the ratio of the private capital production of each society to the maximum values of the production of these capitals among all the societies under consideration. The purpose of economic strategies is to ensure the systemic progress of societies. It is implemented with the growth over time of the specific (per person) country capital and, accordingly, the quality of life index. Maximum progress takes place with harmonious resolution of the opposites existing in societies. The article proposes a method for calculating country capital, its components and the life quality index.

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DOI: 10.33917/es-8.174.2020.100-105

Historic decision to return to Hagia Sophia the status of a mosque once again proved that its history cycle has reached a new stage: from Byzantine temple — to the Ottoman mosque — through the UNESCO World Heritage Site — to the great Hagia Sophia mosque. In case of studying the historical dynamics of status, cultural significance and social functions of Hagia Sophia, the integral macrosociological theory of P.A. Sorokin is the most relevant and has got sufficient heuristic potential. The history of Hagia Sophia has been influenced and is still being affected by rhythmic sequence of three super-systems: ideational, idealistic and sensual. It’s on the one hand. On the other hand, Hagia Sophia is not only an architectural object, which in its historical dynamics has passed a difficult way from a Christian temple to a mosque, but above all — one of the main means for expressing the set of values of the ideational cultural supersystem