DOI: 10.33917/mic-5.118.2024.26-40

The machine tool industry, microelectronics and the aviation industry are among the critically important sectors of the economy of any industrialized state, as they determine the technological sovereignty of industry and ensure the technological security of the country, as well as set the direction of innovative development. These industries have been the target of sanctions imposed by Western countries on Russia against the background of the Ukrainian crisis. «Unfriendly» states have imposed a ban on the supply of machine tools and components to the Russian Federation; microcircuits and other microelectronics; aircraft and their spare parts (including engines), in addition, leasing agreements with Russian airlines were terminated and aircraft maintenance was discontinued. In this regard, the industries in question faced serious challenges – to find a replacement for Western supplies as soon as possible and to mobilize their own production facilities. Even though the problem of dependence of the machine-tool, microelectronic and aviation industries on foreign supplies has been discussed for about 10 years (since the «Crimean» sanctions), no significant results have been achieved in terms of reducing import dependence. There was no collapse due to the restrictions imposed in these industries, but several difficulties arose, which require government support to solve.

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The relevance of the study is based on the need to minimize the damage caused by the sanctions imposed on the country’s economy and to provide the economic growth of economic entities in this context. The purpose of the article is to develop a set of theoretical and methodological approaches to efficient implementation of import substitution programs in the radio electronic industry in the long run. Leading methods in studying this problem were the methods of factors analysis, organizational modeling, system analysis, innovation theory and enterprise economics, which allowed to reveal key contradictions of state policy in the sphere of import substitution in the radio electronic industry. As a result of the study, the original system of criteria was developed, as well as the fundamental management model taking into account the domestic economy’s ability to implement systematic management of competitive import substitution. Materials of the article can be useful for developing new and improving existing methods of regulating relations that arise between entities carrying out activities in the sphere of import substitution, as well as between organizations that are part of the infrastructure supporting the above activity, and public authorities when forming and implementing the corresponding industrial policy.