DOI: 10.33917/es-6.198.2024.36-41

In the modern world, deep structural changes are taking place due to changes in technological structures. This process is accompanied by dramatic changes in the system of economic assessments and large-scale shifts in the economy.

Global energy industry is facing serious challenges and upheavals, requiring the search for new development opportunities for the fuel and electric complex. There are two key components implied here. The first one is the energy challenges facing the Eurasian Economic Union. The second is the readiness to overcome them through joint efforts.

References:

[1] — [15] no 5/2024, p. 31.

16. Movkebaeva G.A., Ondash A.O., Bimagambetova Zh.T., Saiylybaev A.M. Formirovanie obshchego energeticheskogo rynka EAES kak faktor obespecheniya energeticheskoy bezopasnosti Evraziiyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza [Formation of the Common EAEU Energy Market as a Factor in Ensuring Energy Security of the Eurasian Economic Union]. Vestnik KazNU. Seriya filosofii, kul’turologii i politologii, 2018, no 65(3), pp. 97–104, available at: https://bulletin-philospolit.kaznu/index.php/1-pol/article/view/701

17. Reshenie Vysshego Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soveta ot 8 maya 2015 g. N 12 “O Kontseptsii formirovaniya obshchego elektroenergeticheskogo rynka Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza” [Decision of the Supreme Eurasian Economic Council dated May 8, 2015 No. 12 “On the Concept of Forming a Common Electric Power Market of the Eurasian Economic Union”]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza, 2015, 12 maya, available at: http://www.eaeunion.org/

18. Reshenie Vysshego ekonomicheskogo soveta ot 31 maya 1916 g. N 7 “O Kontseptsii formirovaniya obshchego rynka gaza Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza” [Decision of the Supreme Economic Council of May 31, 1916 No. 7 “On the Concept of Forming a Common Gas Market of the Eurasian Economic Union”]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza, 2016, 31 maya, available at: http://www.eaeunion.org//

19. Reshenie Vysshego Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soveta ot 6 dekabrya 2018 g N 18 “O formirovanii obshchego rynka gaza Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza” (vmeste s “Programmoy formirovaniya obshchego rynka gaza Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza”, “Planom meropriyatiy po formirovaniyu obshchego rynka gaza Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza”) [Decision of the Supreme Eurasian Economic Council of December 6, 2018 No. 18 «On the Formation of a Common Gas Market of the Eurasian Economic Union» (together with the «Program for the Formation of a Common Gas Market of the Eurasian Economic Union», «Plan of Measures for the Formation of a Common Gas Market of the Eurasian Economic Union»)]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza, 2018, 7 dekabrya, available at: http://www.eaeunion.org/

20. Rasporyazhenie Vysshego Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soveta ot 1 oktyabrya 2019 g. N 6 “O garmonizatsii zakonodatel’stva gosudarstv — chlenov Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza v sfere transportirovki i postavki gaza mezhdu gosudarstvami-chlenami” [Order of the Supreme Eurasian Economic Council dated October 1, 2019 No. 6 “On Harmonizing Legislation of the Member States of the Eurasian Economic Union in the Field of Gas Transportation and Supply between Member States”]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza, 2019, 2 oktyabrya, available at: http://eaeunion.org/

DOI: 10.33917/es-5.197.2024.22-31

In the modern world, deep structural changes are taking place due to changes in technological structures. This process is accompanied by dramatic changes in the system of economic assessments and large-scale shifts in the economy.

Global energy industry is facing serious challenges and upheavals, requiring the search for new development opportunities for the fuel and electric complex. There are two key components implied here. The first one is the energy challenges facing the Eurasian Economic Union. The second is the readiness to overcome them through joint efforts.

References:

1. Gavrilina E.A., Lakhno P.G. Pravovoe obespechenie stanovleniya i razvitiya energeticheskikh rynkov v Rossii (nefti, nefteproduktov i prirodnogo gaza) [Legal Support for the Formation and Development of Energy Markets in Russia (Oil, Oil Products and Natural Gas)]. Predprinimatel’skoe pravo, 2009, no 3, pp. 46–54.

2. Mezhdunarodnyy forum “Rossiyskaya energeticheskaya nedelya”. Panel’naya diskussiya “Global’naya energetika v mnogopolyarnom mire”. 12 oktyabrya 2022 g. [International Forum “Russian Energy Week”. Panel Discussion “Global Energy in a Multipolar World”. October 12, 2022]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Prezidenta RF, available at: http:// www.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/69584

3. Abakumova M.M. Energeticheskaya bezopasnost’ EAES: vyzovy i riski [Energy Security of the EAEU: Challenges and Risks]. Innovatsii i investitsii, 2018, no 1, pp. 89–92.

4. Demidova E.V., Avilova V.V. Energeticheskaya bezopasnost’: vyzovy, riski, perspektivy obespecheniya: Monografiya [Energy Security: Challenges, Risks, Prospects for Ensuring: Monograph]. Kazan’, Izd-vo KNITU, 2018, 188 p.

5. Likhachev V.L. Energeticheskaya bezopasnost’ i napravleniya ee obespecheniya v EAES [Energy Security and Directions of its Provision in the EAEU]. Energeticheskaya politika, 2017, no 1, pp. 47–55.

6. Borodaev V.E. K voprosu ob energeticheskoy bezopasnosti Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza: Energeticheskoe pravo: modeli i tendentsii razvitiya: Sb. materialov III Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii [On the Issue of Energy Security of the Eurasian Economic Union: Energy Law: Models and Development Trends. Collection of Materials of the III International Scientific and Practical Conference]. Pod red. A.V. Gabova. Belgorod, 2022, pp. 81–91.

7. Dogovor o Evraziyskom ekonomicheskom soyuze ot 29 maya 2014 g. [Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union of May 29, 2014]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Evraziyskoy ekonomicheskoy komissii, 2014, 5 iyunya, available at: http://www.eurasiancommission.org/

8. Dogovor o prisoedinenii Respubliki Armeniya k Dogovoru o Evraziyskom ekonomicheskom soyuze ot 29 maya 2014 g. (podpisan v g. Minske 10 oktyabrya 2014 g.) [Treaty on the accession of the Republic of Armenia to the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union of May 29, 2014 (signed in Minsk on October 10, 2014)]. Ofitsial’nyy internet-portal pravovoy informatsii. 2015. 13 yanvarya, available at: http://www.pravo.gov.ru

The article analyzes the development of the economy and the consumption of energy resources for the coming years in Russia and abroad. The role of energy resources in the growth of prices in 2022 in the EU countries is shown. An increase in the export of energy resources from Russia to Asia (China, India) was noted, with a significant decrease in oil and gas supplies to Europe. The impact of the Russian oil price ceiling on the budget in 2023 is assessed. The results of the Davos Forum in January 2023 are analyzed.

References:

1. Alifirova E. A. Novak: oil production in Russia in 2022 will grow by 2%, gas – will fall by 18-20%. URL: https://neftegaz.ru/news/finance/763968-a-novak-dobycha-nefti-v-rossii-v-2022-g-vyrastet-na-2-gaza-upadet-na-18-20/

2. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 27, 2022 No. 961 «On the application of special economic measures in the fuel and energy sector in connection with the establishment by some foreign states of the maximum price for Russian oil and oil products». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

3. Alifirova E. The Russian budget in January 2023 received less than 52.1 billion rubles. oil and gas revenues. URL: https://neftegaz.ru/news/finance/768980-rossiyskiy-byudzhet-v-yanvare-2023-g-nedopoluchil-52-1-mlrd-rub-neftegazovykh-dokhodov/

4. Viktorov V. LNG is exported on a record // Radio «Kommersant FM» dated December 7, 2022. URL: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/5707622

5. Edovina T. Gas occupies the provided volume. URL: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/5594179

6. Urvachev L. The dollar fell below 68 rubles, the euro – below 73 rubles. URL: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/5760848

7. Babkin D. The West did not have enough ceiling. URL: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/5760224

8. The IMF has revised forecasts for GDP dynamics in the world and in Russia // Kommersant dated 10/11/2022. URL: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/5607636

9. Borovikova K. Davos ended with a discussion of the shaky prospects for the global economy // Kommersant, 2023. URL: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/5782786

10. Kuzovkin A.I. Climate, the role of fuel and renewable energy sources. Microeconomics. 2022;3:28-37. (In Russ.).

One of the major goals of political and economic sanctions, imposed on Russia in post-Crimean period, is an attempt of Western geostrategic players to intercept the trade and financial flows between Russia and the countries importing energy and raw resources of Russian or transit origin. These flows are the basis of economic, political and social well-being of Russia. Under extremely severe change of external economic conditions of the Russian energy companies activities an urgent development of a new strategy for their integration into the world economy is required. Such a strategy should be based on the organizational model of the space-stream arrangements and interaction of Russian energy companies, which could be implemented in the most effective way based on the concept of forming energy hubs abroad as a kind of energy infrastructure nodes combining different business profiles of Russian economic agents activities.

Russian strategy in assisting the legitimate leadership of Syria in their fight against terrorist groups has shown the beginning of a qualitatively new stage: not only the USA, but also Russia can now restore law and order in the most important regions of the world. The next Russia’s step in gaining back its role and recognized status of superpower shall be organization of successful reconstruction of Syria’s economy, destroyed by the terrorist war, in conditions of critical limitations of the Syrian national resources for these purposes. This requires elaboration and implementation of Russia’s equivalent of the Marshall Plan. It is proposed to concentrate Russian economic aid and investments in those sectors of the Syrian infrastructure development, that are the most promising for the Russian and Syrian interests, with the key positioning of objects restored or created with Russian participation. The basic imperative here is adjusting in Syria a new model of the Russian opportunities realization in key sectors (nodes) of the global strategic projects implementation as the new format of the Middle East development.

Over twenty years of Hungarian capitalism there have never been oligarchs, and there is no tendency to their appearance.