DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.110.2023.24-28

A modern model of money turnover associated with the use of electronic payments and payment systems of various levels is considered. The analysis of the statistical data of the Central Bank of Russia is carried out, the indicators of the popularity of electronic payment means in the Russian Federation for 2010-2022 are compared, the historical aspect of the development of public relations related to money circulation, in which cash prevailed, is touched upon. The prerequisites for the transition of the economy to non-cash means of payment and the role of electronic money in the modern life of people are revealed. The definition of the payment system, its main components, as well as the types of payment systems depending on the level of coverage are revealed, the relationship and interdependence of the development of the national payment system and the security of the country’s money circulation and the financial independence of the state are analyzed.

References:

1. Kunitsyna N.N. The role of electronic money in the formation and development of the national payment system of Russia: monograph / N.N. Kunitsyna, E.I. Dyudikova. Stavropol: North Caucasus Federal University, 2017. 192 p. ISBN 978-5-9296-0909-1. Text: electronic // Digital educational resource IPR SMART: [website]. URL: https://www.iprbookshop.ru/75592.html

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8. Pertseva S.Yu. Digital technologies in international finance: a textbook.  Moscow: MGIMO, 2021. 257 p. ISBN 978-5-9228-2491-0. Text: electronic // Lan: electronic library system. URL: https://e.lanbook.com/book/294446

9. Kuznetsov V.V. The concept of development of a competitive national payment system: monograph. Moscow: Dashkov and K, 2021. 170 p. ISBN 978-5-394-04828-9. Text: electronic // Digital educational resource IPR SMART: [website]. URL: https://www.iprbookshop.ru/120718.html

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DOI: 10.33917/mic-2.109.2023.19-33

The problem of ensuring technological sovereignty in the Russian economy is considered. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of technological development and assess technological sovereignty at the sectoral and macroeconomic levels of management. The methodology is the theory of technological change, comparative and empirical, structural analysis. The general result of applying these approaches is proposals at the macroeconomic level and for sectoral policy that contribute to increasing the technological independence of the state. Ensuring technological sovereignty comes down not only to the substitution of technology imports, but, more importantly, to the resuscitation of the domestic technological base. Particular emphasis should be placed on overcoming the existing and chronic problems of the technological development of the Russian economy. These include: the pseudo effect of technological dualism, the low sensitivity of manufacturability to investment in new technologies, the low share of the knowledge economy, and the inefficient structure of technological modes. Increasing the rate of accumulation of fixed capital and bringing it to the rate of savings is a false goal, since the structure of the distribution of investments, and not their share, that is, the volume, is important for long-term growth. Measures for financial independence proposed at the macro level will determine the solution of the problem of technological sovereignty, but the proposed recipes are very streamlined, not specific and do not solve the problem of sovereign financial development, since the placement of financial resources in external instruments, the application of the previous targeting policy and the budget rule remain, as well as the monetary policy of curbing growth. These conditions will hinder the solution of the problem of ensuring technological sovereignty in Russia.

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1. Glazyev S.Yu. Nanotechnologies as a key factor in the new technological order in the economy / Ed. Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences S.Yu. Glazyev and Professor V.V. Kharitonov. M.: Trovant, 2009. 304 p.

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8. Breschi S., Malerba F., Orsenigo L. Technological Regimes and Schumpeterian Patterns of Innovation. The Economic Journal. 2000;110 (463):388–410.

Over time, the point of view existed in France that financial independence is the tax independence. But recent years changes and decisions of the Constitutional Council showed that if local authorities even have the financial independence, they cannot enjoy any tax independence.