DOI: 10.33917/mic-1.120.2025.44-55

Illegal deforestation is a consequence of socio-economic relations, especially in regions where logging is the main source of income. Forests in such regions are perceived only as raw materials, which leads to negative consequences leading to the loss of national wealth. Specific assessment methods for different industries and sectors of the economy lead to a lack of a unified approach, which creates difficulties in analyzing and combating the shadow economy. The level of criminalization in the field of logging can be assessed by various methods. The authors have modernized and changed the formulas for assessing the level of criminalization of forestry to meet modern realities with a significant reduction in error.

References:

1. Myasnikov D.A. Mechanism for assessing the level of the shadow economy in the forestry complex. Izvestiya IGEA. 2008;5:39-42.

2. Antoshchenko A.V. Analysis of the causes and conditions for committing crimes in the forestry complex (on the example of Primorsky Krai). Contentus. 2020;1:164-189.

3. Botasheva L.​Kh. Identification and assessment of the shadow economy. Economy. Taxes. Law. 2018;11(5):28-37.

4. Putyakova P. Shades of gray. The share of the shadow economy in the Perm Territory will grow. URL: https://​www.​newsko.​ru/​articles/

5. EMISS. URL: https://​www.​fedstat.​ru/​indicator/

6. Report of representatives of the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Perm Territory. URL: https://​priroda.​permkrai.​ru/

7. Statistical analysis of the forestry complex of Russia. URL: https://​prepod24.​ru/​readyworks/​235163/?​ysc​lid=lq5​l8jr​xlb1​9842​4445

8. Strengthening the fight against illegal timber trafficking was discussed in the Kama region, 2022. URL: https://​priroda.​permkrai.​ru/​novosti/

9. Petrov V.N., Katkova T.E., Karvinen S. Trends in the development of the forest economy in Russia and Finland. Economic and social changes: facts, trends, forecast. 2019;12(3):140-157.

10. Tolpyshev G.V. Methodological tools for assessing the level of criminalization in the forestry sector / G. V. Tolpyshev, A. G. Svetlakov. Perm Agrarian Bulletin. 2017;1 (17):151-156.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-1.120.2025.29-43

The article reveals and classifies such concepts as economic security of an enterprise, a crisis management. The main tools for diagnosing crisis phenomena are described in order to identify them early and reduce the impact on the company’s business activities. Special attention is paid to the description and the possibility of applying the Six Sigma concept for crisis management at the process level. Using the example of an enterprise manufacturing equipment for the electric power industry, the application of the Six Sigma concept in the procurement management process is considered. The results of calculating the process quality indicator (σ) are presented, measures for its optimization are proposed, and the economic efficiency of implementing measures is determined.

References:

1. GOST R ISO 13053-1-2015 Quantitative methods for improving Six Sigma processes of the year. Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology. Moscow: Standartinform, 2016. URL: https://​www.​rst.​gov.​ru/​portal/​gost/

2. Report of the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs on the state of the business climate in 2023. Moscow, 2024. URL: https://​rspp.​ru/​activity/​analytics

3. Akberdina V.V. Comprehensive tools for assessing the economic security of economic sectors: regional aspect / V.V. Akberdina, A.V. Grebenkin, O.P. Smirnova. The economy of the region. 2017;13(4):1264-1279.

4. Bezdenezhnykh T.I. Economic security in scientific research of modern foreign authors / T. I. Bezdenezhnykh, E. V. Pecheritsa, E. E. Sharafanova. Technical and technological problems of the service. 2021;3(57):69-74.

5. Bratyakov A.A. On the definition of the concept of «Economic security of an enterprise» in modern Russian science. Scientific research in the modern world: experience, problems and prospects of development: A collection of articles based on the materials of the international scientific and practical conference. Part 1. Ufa: Bulletin of Science, 2019. pp. 161-167.

6. Volkova M.N. Functional directions of the enterprise security service / M.N. Volkova, D.S. Ivannikov. Socio-economic sciences and humanitarian studies. 2015;4:144-147.

7. Gorbachev D.V. An integrated approach to the organization of the economic security service of an enterprise / D. V. Gorbachev, M. V. Kononova. Intelligence. Innovation. Investment. 2013;S:165-170.

8. Gradov A.P., Kuzin B.I., Fedotov A.V. [et al.]. Strategy and tactics of anti–crisis management of the company. St. Petersburg: SpetsLit, 1996. 511 p.

9. Dolzhenko R.A. The essence and evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of optimization technologies «Lin» and «Six Sigma». Bulletin of Omsk University. Series: Economics. 2014;1:25-33.

10. Dyakov S.A., Gorbenko E.A., Zhivitsyna Yu.A., Plyasovitsa I.A. Anti-crisis management as a mechanism for ensuring economic security of an enterprise. Bulletin of the Academy of Knowledge. 2023;2(55):426-431.

11. Endovitskaya A.V., Volkova T.A., Baliashvili D.U. Theoretical and methodological approaches to determining the essence of economic security of an enterprise and its assessment. Modern economy: problems and solutions. 2014;10 (58):62-68.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-6.119.2024.94-103

The article examines the global trend of «reloading» national industrial strategies in the context of recent geopolitical and geoeconomic challenges. We describe the countries’ transition from priorities of economic efficiency to dominant priorities of economic security and their course towards achieving technological sovereignty (self-sufficiency) as its central component. We analyze this course in the leading world economies (EU, USA, China), as well as the risks for its successful implementation. Special attention is paid to a similar Russian course – the only alternative under the sanctions pressure. We find that in all types of economies, including Russia, achieving technological sovereignty may be a more difficult task than governments expect, and that the accumulation of inefficiencies from fragmentation of the global economy into blocs will eventually force countries to return to greater economic openness.

References:

1. Smorodinskaya N.V. Globalized economy: From hierarchies to a network order. Moscow: Institute of Economics RAS, 2015. 344 p.

2. Aiginger K., Ketels C. Industrial policy reloaded. Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade. 2024;24:7.

3. Evenett S., Jakubik A., Martín F., Ruta M. The return of industrial policy in data. The World Economy. 2024;47 (7):2762–2788.

4. Smorodinskaya N.V., Katukov D.D. Moving towards technological sovereignty: a new global trend and the Russian specifics. Baltic Region. 2024;16 (3):108–135.

5. Morgan T.C., Syropoulos C., Yotov Y.V. Economic sanctions: Evolution, consequences, and challenges. Journal of Economic Perspectives. 2023;37 (1):3–29.

6. Cha V.D. Collective resilience: Deterring China’s weaponization of economic interdependence. International Security. 2023;48 (1):91–124.

7. Tung R.L., Zander I., Fang T. The Tech Cold War, the multipolarization of the world economy, and IB research. International Business Review. 2023;32 (6):102195.

8. Aiyar S., Ilyina A., Chen J., Kangur A., Trevino J., Ebeke C., Gudmundsson T., Soderberg G., Schulze T., 
Kunaratskul T., Ruta M., Garcia-Saltos R., Rodriguez S. Geoeconomic fragmentation and the future of multilateralism. IMF Staff Discussion Notes, 2023. 42 p.

9. Stępka M. Identifying security logics in the EU policy discourse. Cham: Springer, 2022.

10.Drezner D.W. Global economic sanctions. Annual Review of Political Science. 2024;27 (1):9–24.

11.  Afontsev S.A. Theoretical dimensions of economic sovereignty. Journal of the New Economic Association. 2024; (3):218–224.

12. Goodman M.P. Policymaking is all about trade-offs. Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies. URL: https://​www.​cfr.​org/​article/​pol​icym​akin​g-​all-​about-​trade-​offs

13. Edler J., Blind K., Kroll H., Schubert T. Technology sovereignty as an emerging frame for innovation policy: Defining rationales, ends and means. Research Policy. 2023;52 (6):104765.

14. Mazzucato M. Mission economy: A moonshot guide to changing capitalism. London: Allen Lane, 2021.

DOI: 10.33917/es-4.196.2024.74-81

The article examines the issues of stimulating the Russian economy through mechanism for implementing megaprojects, assesses the implementation risks and provides recommendations for providing economic security of the Russian Federation in the context of the current GDP structure.

References:

1. Rasporyazhenie Pravitel’stva RF ot 20 maya 2023 g. N 1315-r “Ob utverzhdenii Kontseptsii tekhnologicheskogo razvitiya na period do 2030 goda” [Order of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 20, 2023 No. 1315-r “On Approval of the Concept of Technological Development for the Period up to 2030”]. Kodeks, available at: https://​docs.​cntd.​ru/​document/​1301657597#​6580IP

2. Plenarnoe zasedanie Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo foruma [Plenary Session of the Eurasian Economic Forum]. Ofitsial’noe internet-predstavitel’stvo prezidenta Rossii, 2023, 24 maya, available at: http://​www.​kremlin.​ru/​events/​president/​news/​71198

3. Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 28 fevralya 2024 g. N 145 “O Strategii nauchno-tekhnologicheskogo razvitiya Rossiyskoy Federatsii” [Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of February 28, 2024 No. 145 “On the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation”]. Ofitsial’nyy internet-portal pravovoy informatsii, available at: http://​publication.​pravo.​gov.​ru/​document/​000​1202​4022​8000​3?​index=2

4. Morunov V.V. Teoreticheskie podkhody k opredeleniyu sushchnosti ekonomicheskoy bezopasnosti [Theoretical Approaches to Defining the Essence of Economic Security]. VEPS. 2011. № 4. URL: https://​cyb​erle​nink​a.​ru/​article/​n/​teo​reti​ches​kie-​podhody-​k-​opr​edel​eniy​u-​suschnosti-​eko​nomi​ches​koy-​bezopasnosti

5. Radygin A.D., Entov R.M., Abramov A.E., Chernova M.I., Mal’ginov G.N. Privatizatsiya 30 let spustya: masshtaby i effektivnost’ gosudarstvennogo sektora [Privatization 30 Years Later: The Scale and Efficiency of the Public Sector]. Moscow, ID “Delo” RANKhiGS. 2019. URL: https://​ipei.​ranepa.​ru/​ru/​kgu

6. Likholetov V.V. Strategicheskie aspekty ekonomicheskoy bezopasnosti [Strategic Aspects of Economic Security]. Obrazovatel’naya platforma “Yurayt”, 2023, 201, available at: https://​urait.​ru/​bcode/​519502

7. Vlasti obsudili vvod garantirovannogo dokhoda dlya investorov v megaproekty. Gosudarstvo mozhet obespechit’ im khedzhirovanie riskov [Authorities Discussed the Introduction of a Guaranteed Income for Investors in Megaprojects. The State can Provide them with Risk Hedging]. RBK, 2023, 26 oktyabrya, available at: https://​www.​rbc.​ru/​economics/​26/​10/​2023/​653​900c​c9a7​947b​4001​0637​f?​from=copy

8. Bezbozhnova E.A. Ekonomicheskaya bezopasnost’ gosudarstva v kontekste tekhnologicheskogo razvitiya [Economic Security of the State in the Context of Technological Development]. Ekonomika i sovremennyy menedzhment: teoriya, metodologiya, praktika. Penza, Nauka i Prosveshchenie, 2022, pp. 139–141.

9. Karavaeva I.V. Natsional’naya ekonomicheskaya bezopasnost’ v teoreticheskikh issledovaniyakh Instituta ekonomiki RAN [National Economic Security in Theoretical Research of the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences]. Vestnik Instituta ekonomiki Rossiyskoy akademii nauk, 2020, no 2, available at: https://​cyb​erle​nink​a.​ru/​article/​n/​nat​sion​alna​ya-​eko​nomi​ches​kaya-​bezopasnost-​v-​teo​reti​ches​kih-​iss​ledo​vani​yah-​instituta-​ekonomiki-​ran

DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.116.2024.90-98

The paper examines the role, place and importance of the state Russian language in the political and legal mechanism of ensuring the security of the Russian Federation. Russia is mainly focused on the problem of the implementation in practice of the policy of the Russian Federation in the field of the state Russian language and the need to take effective measures to neutralize the mechanism of destruction of the Russian language.

References:

1. Anishchenko V.N. On the modern theory and methodology of the study of the country’s security problems. Bulletin of the Academy of Economic Security of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2009;4:8-12. (In Russ.).

2. Ginzburg V. Emergency of emergency scale. RBC, 2008. The final issue.

3. Dvornikov V.A. Economic security – theory and reality of threats. M.: Publishing House of the Russian Academy of Social Sciences, 2000.

4. Doronin A.I. Business intelligence. 5th ed., reprint. and additional. M.: Axis-89, 2010. 704 p.

5. The draft law on the restriction of the use of foreign words in the public sphere. URL: https://​tass.​ru /

6. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 07/02/2021 No. 400 «On the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation». URL: http://​www.​pravo.​gov.​ru

7. Federal Law No. 52-FZ dated February 28, 2023 «On Amendments to the Federal Law “On the State Language of the Russian Federation”». URL: http://​publication.​pravo.​gov.​ru

8. Federal Law No. 53-FZ of June 1, 2005 «On the State Language of the Russian Federation» (Collection of Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2005, No. 23, Article 2199; 2013, No. 27, Article 3477; 2014, No. 19, Article 2306).

9. Hammer L. Large Nuclear Collider. RBC, 2008. The final issue.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-4.111.2023.94-102

Presents a theoretical overview of the domestic experience of countering threats, replete with various forms of implementation in the form of military operations, counter-terrorism and other special operations that are aimed at strengthening the national security of the country and protecting national, geopolitical, strategic and economic interests from terrorist and other unfriendly threats potential enemy states of our country. The relationship between the conduct of special operations and the introduction of emergency regimes, a state of emergency and a counter-terrorist operation on the territory of Russia is noted. A definition of the concept of «special military operation» is proposed. The role of ensuring economic security as a priority of the national security of the state and the formation of patriotic principles of educating new generations to strengthen the country are determined.

References: 

1. The Constitution of the Russian Federation: approved dated December 12, 1993 No. 343-FKZ; ed. dated 01.07.2020 No. 11-FKZ. SPS ConsultantPlus. Legislation. URL: http://​www.​consultant.​ru/

2. On martial law: Federal constitutional law of 30.01.2002 No. 1-FKZ; ed. dated May 29, 2023. SPS ConsultantPlus. Legislation. URL: http://​www.​consultant.​ru/

3. On the state of emergency: Federal constitutional law of May 30, 2001 No. 3-FKZ; ed. dated March 07, 2016. SPS ConsultantPlus. Legislation. URL: http://​www.​consultant.​ru/

4. On the protection of the population and territories from natural and man-made emergencies: Federal Law of December 21, 1994 No. 68-FZ; ed. dated April 14, 2023. SPS ConsultantPlus. Legislation. URL: http://​www.​consultant.​ru/

5. On countering terrorism: Federal Law No. 35-FZ of March 6, 2006 (as amended on May 26, 2021). SPS ConsultantPlus. Legislation. URL: http://​www.​consultant.​ru/

6. Polyakov Yu. A. The end of Basmachism / Yu. A. Polyakov, A. I. Chugunov. M .: Nauka. 1976. 184 p. (In Russ.).

7. Gorobets K. Russian «Special Military Operation» and the Language of Empire. Opinio Juris (May 24, 2022). URL: http://​opiniojuris.​org/​2022/​05/​24/​russian-​special-​military-​operation-​and-​the-​language-​of-​empire

8. Kalmykova M. Study of the Influence of the War in Ukraine on the Russian Language. International Scientific Conference (March 13, 2023; Bratislava). Bratislava: Language and politics. Between linguistics and political science, 2023. URL: https://​dspace.​library.​uvic.​ca/​bitstream/​handle/​1828/​14840/​Mar​ia%20K​almy​kova-​JCURAposter-​2023.​pdf

9. Spišiaková M.  Political Euphemisms and Neologisms in Online Media Content: Amid the War in Ukraine / M. Spišiaková, N. Shumeiko. Language and politics. Between linguistics and political science: University of Economics Bratislava, 2022. pp. 372–388. URL: https://​conferences.​euba.​sk/​jaz​ykap​olit​ika/​www_​write/​files/​2022/​spisiakova_​shumeiko.​pdf

10. The Daily Journal of the United States Government / Executive Order 13405 of June 16, 2006. Blocking Property of Certain Persons Undermining Democratic Processes or Institutions in Belarus. URL: https://​www.​fed​eral​regi​ster.​gov/​documents/​2006/​06/​20/​06-​5592/​blocking-​property-​of-​certain-​persons-​undermining-​democratic-​processes-​or-​ins​titu​tion​s-​in-​belarus

DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.110.2023.86-92

The article examines the general historical periods of development and transformation of the structure of public administration in the system of national protection of forestry in Russia from the XVII century to the present. The prerequisites for the formation of forest law are outlined, as well as further improvement of forest legislation, in particular, the process of development of criminal responsibility is analyzed. Modern regulatory legal acts regulating the basics of state management of the forest sector of the Russian Federation are presented. The causal relationship in the commission of criminal acts in forestry is highlighted. Based on the factors generating the growth of criminogenicity in the forest industry, the main directions of the state necessary for the prevention of crimes related to illegal logging of forest plantations were given.

References:

1. Tikhomirov M.N. The Cathedral Code of 1649 / M.N. Tikhomirov, P.P. Epifanov. Moscow: Publishing house of Moscow. un-ta, 1961. 65 p.

2. Votyakova E.S. The history of the development of Criminal legislation on crimes in the sphere of entrepreneurial activity / E. S. Votyakova // Topical issues of legal sciences: materials of the International Scientific Conference (Chelyabinsk, November 2012). Chelyabinsk: Two Komsomol Members, 2012. pp. 77-79. (In Russ.).

3. Criminal Code of 1903 on state crimes. Russian legislation of the X–XX centuries: in 9 volumes / under the general editorship of O.I. Chistyakov. Vol. IX. Moscow, 1994.

4. The Forest Code of the Russian Federation of 04.12.2006 N 200-FZ (ed. of 02.07.2021) (with amendments and additions, intro. effective from 01.09.2021). –  Access from the legal reference system Consultant-Plus. URL: http://​www.​consultant.​ru/​document/​cons_​doc_​LAW_​64299

5. Kiseleva L.V. The history of the development of economic crimes in the field of construction as a growing danger of undermining the economic security of the Russian Federation / L. V. Kiseleva, K. A. Zelenkov // Bulletin of the Nizhny Novgorod Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2010;2 (13):266-268. (In Russ.).

6. Zubkova V.I. The role of criminal punishment in the prevention of crimes // Collection: Criminal correctional law: Materials of the interuniversity scientific and practical conference. Moscow, 2017;12(1):27-30. (In Russ.).

7. Kuzmichev E.P. Volumes of illegal logging of forest plantations in the Russian Federation / Kuzmichev.P., Trushinai.G., Lopatin.V. URL: http://​lhi.​vniilm.​ru /

8. Tolpyshev G.B. Ensuring the economic security of forestry: Monograph / G.V. Tolpyshev, A.G. Svetlakov // M-vo S.-x RF, Perm State Technical University. Perm, 2020. 218 p. (In Russ.).

9. Statistical data of the FKU «GIAC of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia». URL: http://​www.​mvd.​ru

DOI: 10.33917/mic-6.107.2022.81-90

The scientific article analyzes the definitions of the concept of «cartel conspiracy» and examines the historical features of the development of cartels in Russia. International experience is taken into account in relation to the issue of research on the example of the USA and Germany. The authors have formulated their own definition of cartel collusion as a form of association of economic entities based on a number of oral or written agreements, the participants of which, without renouncing financial, industrial and commercial independence, achieve common goals (influence on prices, determination of the course and results of bidding, division of territories or consumers) when interacting with various economic entities (cartel and non-cartel companies, suppliers and customers of goods and services, direct competitors, manufacturers of substitutes, government agencies, etc.).

References:

1. Report on the state of competition in the Russian Federation for 2021. Moscow, 2022. 471 p. URL: https://​fas.​gov.​ru/​documents/​688431

2. Report on the state of competition in the Russian Federation for 2020. Moscow, 2021. 534 p. URL: https://​fas.​gov.​ru/​documents/​b-​n-​3609af5f-​7476-​4122-​bb77-​d04c49d96ca7

3. Report on the state of competition in the Russian Federation for 2018. Moscow, 2019. 632 p. URL: https://​fas.​gov.​ru/​documents/​685806

4. Report on the state of competition in the Russian Federation for 2017. Moscow, 2018. 806 p. URL: https://​fas.​gov.​ru/​documents/​658027

5. Report on the state of competition in the Russian Federation for 2016. Moscow, 2017. 739 p. URL: https://​fas.​gov.​ru/​documents/​596439

6. Klimenkov I.N. Cartel: a comparative analysis of the approaches of foreign countries and the Russian Federation // Bulletin of the Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2019;7:204-207. (In Russ.).

7. Lisitsyn-Svetlanov A.G., Bashlakov-Nikolaev I.V., Zavarukhin V.P. [and etc.]. Cartelization of the Russian economy: the main causes, consequences and ways to eliminate them // Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 2020;90(10):903-913. (In Russ.).

8. Kalyakina Yu.I. Cartel collusion in the era of a pandemic // Alley of Science. 2021;10 (61):419-422. (In Russ.).

9. Korneva E.D. Cartel collusion and methods of combating it // Modern trends in economics and management: a new look. 2011;12-1:23-28. (In Russ.).

10. Marshall R.C., & Marx L.M. The economics of collusion: Cartels and bidding rings, Mit Press, 2012.

11. Yusupov A.M. Factors stimulating the development of cartels in Russia // Topical issues of modern economic science: Proceedings of the XI International Scientific Conference, Astrakhan, April 21, 2021. Astrakhan: Astrakhan State University, 2021. pp. 228-232. (In Russ.).

12. Tabakaeva M.R., Chaikina K.A. Influence of cartels on the modern economy // Actual problems of aviation and cosmonautics. 2019;3:136-138. (In Russ.).

13. Lapin V.O. In search of effective methods for investigating cartel conspiracies // Society: politics, economics, law. 2022;2:78–83. (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.33917/mic-5.106.2022.110-115

This article provides a detailed analysis of the definitions of the concepts of conversations and identifies its characteristic features. The authors determined that collusion is a secret illegal agreement, which is aimed at limiting competition in order to maximize their own income. Also considered are such forms of manifestation of collusion between the customer, suppliers and competitors as “ramming”, passive participation or refusal to participate in the tender, submission of an uncompetitive proposal, vertical and horizontal collusion. The modern manifestations of collusion with the use of auction robots and measures to counter their use are disclosed. The characteristic signs of collusion between the customer and the supplier of goods that contribute to its identification are identified and presented. It also defines the role of the Federal Antimonopoly Service in countering collusion in the food market.

DOI: 110.33917/mic-2.103.2022.98-103

The article deals with the conceptual provisions of Russia’s economic security. The authors analyzed the existing approaches to the definition of the concept of «economic security». It is concluded that social, technogenic, informational and other processes directly affect the provision of economic security of the state. On the example of the situation in Russia, the main areas are identified, the impact on which with the help of economic instruments can cause significant damage to security in the context of the problems of «economic stability» at the national and regional levels. An assessment of the key threats to the economic security of the Russian Federation is given.