Demographic projections — the basis for management decisions in the social policy field. Based on the average projection variant of Rosstat at the beginning of 2014 for the annual age-sex groups, we offer analysis of the population dynamics of the main socio-demographic groups in 2013–2031 and comments on social policy in response to demographic challenges (changes in demographic structure and quantity fluctuations in demographic groups that require expansion and contraction of social infrastructure over the next two decades). The proposed social policies are mainly associated with increasing elasticity of social infrastructure and implementation of the balance policy “family — work”.